2004年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)考試英語試題在線?？?一)

　　SectionⅠListening Comprehension Part A（每題1分，共20分）Directions：

　　This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section， Part A， Part B， and Part C. Remember， you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section， you will have five minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET I. Now look at Part A in your test booklet. Part A Directions： For Quesstions1―5，you will hear a talk about Boston Museum of Fine Art. While you listen， fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.（5 points）

　　1、Geography of BelgiumThree main regions coastal plaincentral plateau Highest 1

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　　highlands

　　2、altitude of the coastal plain 2 m

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　　20

　　3、Climate near the sea 3 humid

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　　mild

　　4、Particularly rainy months of the years 4 April

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　　November

　　5、Average temperatures in July in Brussels low 13℃high 5℃

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　　22

　　SectionⅠPart B（每題1分，共5分）Directions： For Questions 6-10，you will hear an interview with Mr. Saffo from the Institute for the Future. While you listen， complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. （ 5 points ）

　　6、What is Saffo according to himself？

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　　A （technology）forecaster

　　7、The Institute for the Future provides services to private companies and

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　　government agencies

　　8、The Institute believes that to think systematically about the long-range future is

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　?。╝）meaningful（exercise）

　　9、To succeed in anything， one should be flexible， curious and

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　　open to change

　　10、What does Saffo consider to be essential to the work of a team？

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　　SectionⅠPart C（共三節(jié)，滿分10分）Directions： You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one， you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening， answer each question by choosing A，B，C or D . After listening， you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. （ 10 points ）

　　Questions 11-13 are based on the following talk about naming newborns. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 11-13.

　　11、What do we often do with the things we love？

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　　D 　A.Ask for their names. 　　B.Name babies after them.

　　　　C.Put down their names. 　D.Choose names for them.

　　12、The unpleasant meaning of an old family name is often overlooked if

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　　B　 A. the family tree is fairly limited. 　　B. the family tie is strong enough. 　　

　　　　C.the name is commonly used. 　　　D.nobody in the family complains.

　　13、Several months after a baby‘s birth， its name will

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　　C　 A.show the beauty of its own. 　　B.develop more associations.

　 　　 C.lose the original meaning. 　　D.help form the baby‘s personality.

　　Questions 14-16 are based on the biography of Bobby Moore， an English soccer player. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16. 14. How many matches did Moore play during his professional career？

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　　D　 A. 90. 　　B .108. 　　C.180. 　　D. 668.

　　15、In 1964， Bobby Moore was made

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　　A 　A.England‘s footballer of the year.　　 B.a soccer coach in West Germany.

　　　　C.a medalist for his sportsmanship. 　　D.a number of the Order of the British Empire.

　　16、After Moore retired from playing， the first thing he did was

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　　C　 A.editing Sunday Sport. 　　　　　　　　　B.working for Capital Radio.

　　　　C.managing professional soccer teams.　　　D.developing a sports marketing company.

　　Questions 17-20 are based on the on the city of Belfast. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20. 17. Belfast has long been famous for its

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　　C　 A. oil refinery.　　 B. linen textiles. 　　C.food products. 　　D. deepwater port.

　　18、Which of the following does Belfast chiefly export？

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　　A 　A. Soap.　　 B. Grain.　　 C.Steel.　　 D.Tobacco.

　　19、When was Belfast founded？

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　　A 　A. In 1177.　　 B. In 1315. 　　C.In the 16th century. 　　D. In the 17th century.

　　20、What happened in Belfast in the late 18th century？

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　　C A. French refugees arrived. B. The harbor was destroyed. C.Shipbuilding began to flourish. D.The city was taken by the EnglishSection II Use of English（滿分10分）Directions： Read the following text. Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. （10 points）

　　Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency （crimes committed by young people） focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories （21）[] on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior （22）[] they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through （23）[] with others. Theories focusing on the role of society that children commit crimes in （24）[] to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status （25）[] as a rejection of middle-class values. Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families， （26）[] the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes （27）[] lack of adequate parental control. All theories， however， are tentative and are （28）[] to criticism. Changes in the social structure may indirectly （29）[] juvenile crime rates. For example， changes in the economy that （30）[] to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment （31）[] make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in （32）[] lead more youths into criminal behavior. Families have also（33）[] changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents； （34）[]， children are likely to have less supervision at home （35）[] was common in the traditional family （36）[]. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other （37）[] causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school， the increased （38）[] of drugs and alcohol， and the growing （39）[] of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act， （40）[] a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.

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　　C[注釋]很多有關(guān)少年犯罪原因的理論，要么把個人當(dāng)成主要的影響因素，要么把社會當(dāng)成主要的影響因素。關(guān)注個人的理論認為，孩子們的犯罪行為是因為他們先前的錯誤行為未受到應(yīng)有的處罰或是因為別人的影響。此題考查的是動詞詞組的用法。A ACT ON是指對…有影響、有作用；B RELY ON是指依靠；D CEMENT意思是加強、鞏固。只有C項CENTER ON可以表示圍繞，觀注，把…當(dāng)成重點、中心、主題的意思，與上下文相契合。

　　A. acting　　 B. relying 　　C.centering 　　D. commenting

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　　D[注釋]參見21題解析中的譯文，22題的考察點是連詞。A BEFORE；B UNLESS除非；C UNTIL直到。這幾項都與上下文句意格格不入。

　　A. before　　 B. unless　　 C.until 　　D. because

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　　A[注釋]參見1題解析中的譯文。與別人的導(dǎo)致他們的犯罪行為。B ASSIMILATION消化，吸收，與D CONSULTATION詢問，均不與介詞WITH連用，故只有A INTERACTIONS相互作用，相互影響，與C COOPERATION合用，可與WITH連用。INTERACTION不但有相互協(xié)作、合用的意思，還有影響、作用的意思，孩子們犯罪是因為一起生活時的影響，而不會僅僅是相處時的友好合作。

　　A. interactions 　　B. assimilation　　 C.cooperation 　　D. consultation

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　　D[注釋]觀注社會作用的理論認為孩子們犯罪是他們對在爭取社會經(jīng)濟地位中的失敗的反應(yīng)，或是他們對中層階級價值觀的拒斥。少有IN RETURN TO或IN REFERENCE TO這樣的用法，故A RETURN與C REFERENCE當(dāng)排除在外。IN REPLY TO與IN RESPONSE TO都是對…反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)的意思，只是IN REPLY TO這一詞組中，進行回應(yīng)者的主觀性、主動性更強些，而IN RESPONSE TO則稍顯客觀些。

　　A. return 　　B. reply 　　C.reference 　　D. response

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　　A[注釋]參見24題解析中的譯文，可知所考查的連接詞前后是并列成分，并沒有轉(zhuǎn)折的含義，故當(dāng)選A. A. or B. but rather C.but D. or else

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　　B[注釋]MOST THEORIES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY HAVE FOCUSED ON CHILDREN FROM DISADVANTAGED FAMILIES，THE FACT THAT CHILDREN FROM WEALTHY HOMES ALSO COMMIT CRIMES.（大多數(shù)關(guān)于少年犯罪的理論都聚焦在貧困弱勢家庭，而忽略了富家子弟也會犯罪這一事實。）后半句是伴隨狀語從句。A CONSIDERING考慮；C HIGHLIGHTING強調(diào)，這兩項都與句意不符合。D DISCARDING拋棄，這些理論是沒有注意到狀語從句中所表述的事實，而不是有意舍棄這些事實，故此題選B IGNORING. A. considering B. ignoring C.highlighting D. discarding

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　　C[注釋]THE LATTER MAY COMMIT CRIMESLACK OF ADEQUATE PARENTAL CONTROL.（富家子弟犯罪是因為缺乏足夠的父母管教。）連接詞后邊的部分明顯是所犯罪的原因，而只有FOR于此可以表示原因，故當(dāng)選C. A. on B. in C.for D. with

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　　D[注釋]ALL THEORIES， HOWEVER， ARE TENTATIVE AND ARE TO CRITICISM.（所有的理論都是嘗試性的并都會受批評。）C BE SENTITIVE TO CRITICISM對批評很敏感，與上下文注意有偏離；而B BE RESISTANT TO對批評有抵抗力；A BE IMMUNE TO .對批評有免疫力都與上下文意相悖。故只有D BE SUBJECT TO CRITICISM符合文意。詞組BE SUBJECT TO STH.：OFTEN HAVING， SUFFERING OR UNDERGOING STH.；LIABLE TO STH.常有、?；蓟虺Ｔ庥瞿呈挛?；傾向某物。

　　A. immune 　　B. resistant 　　C.sensitive 　　D. subject

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　　A[注釋]CHANGES IN SOCIAL STRUCTURE MAY INDIRECTLYJUVENILE CRIME RATES.（社會結(jié)構(gòu)中的變化會間接影響少年犯罪率。）

　　A. affect　　 B. reduce 　　C.chock 　　D. reflect

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　　B[注釋]FOR EXAMPLE， CHANGES IN THE ECONOMY THATTO FEWER JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR YOUTH AND RISING UNEMPLOYMENT MAKE GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT INCREASINGLY DIFFICULT TO OBTAIN.（例如，經(jīng)濟中的變化導(dǎo)致青年就業(yè)機會的減少和失業(yè)的上升，通常情況下，這又使獲得有利可圖的工作變得越來越困難。）A POINT TO指向；B LEAD TO引向；導(dǎo)致；C COME TO到達；D AMOUNT TO（累計）達到。

　　A. point 　　B. lead 　　C.come　　 D. amount

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　　A[注釋]參見30題解析譯文。這一題考察的是固定短語，A IN GENERAL通常；B ON AVERAGE平均；C BY CONTRAST相比，相對，相反；D AT LENGTH最后。

　　A. in general 　　B. on average 　　C.by contrast　　 D. at length

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　　C[注釋]THE RESULTING DISCONTENT MAY IN LEAD MORE YOUTHS INTO CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR.（最終的不滿情緒進而會引導(dǎo)更多的青年走向犯罪。）這一句承接前面兩句，是遞進關(guān)系。A IN CASE不是一個完整的詞組；B IN SHORT總之；D IN ESSENCE本質(zhì)上，都不合題意。只有C IN TURN依次；逐個，最適合上下文。

　　A. case　　 B. short 　　C.turn 　　D. essence

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　　D[注釋]FAMILIES HAVE ALSOCHANGES THESE YEARS.（這些年來，家庭也經(jīng)歷了一些變化。）C UNDERTAKEN表示從事，與句意相去甚遠。B NOTICED留心，看到，此處若改NOTICED為SAW，還說得過去，因為SEE可以表示經(jīng)歷或進行某事。THIS COAT OF MINE HAS SEEN HARD WEAR.我這件大衣穿了很久了。SEE作EXPERIENCE/UNDERGO解釋。A SURVIVE意為幸存：CONTINUE TO LIVE OR EXIST IN SPITE OF NEARLY BEING KILLED OR DESTROYED BY STH.這里若用SURVIVE CHANGES，則意思是家庭雖經(jīng)歷了社會的變化而自身依然如故，正好與文意相反。

　　A. survived 　　B. noticed　　 C.undertaken 　　D. experienced

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　　B[注釋]MORE FAMILIES CONSIST OF ONE PARENT HOUSEHOLDS OR TWO WORKING PARENTS；，CHILDREN ARE LIKELY TO HAVE LESS SUPERVISION AT HOME WAS COMMON IN THE TRADITIONAL FAMILY.（更多的單親家庭和雙職工家庭出現(xiàn)了。結(jié)果是，比起在傳統(tǒng)的家庭結(jié)構(gòu)中，孩子們受到的監(jiān)督變少了。）根據(jù)文意，可知空移前后是因果關(guān)系。A CONTRARILY，相反地；B CONSEQUENTLY結(jié)果；C SIMILARLY相似地；D SIMULTANEOUSLY同時地，只有B可以表示因果。

　　A. contrarily 　　B. consequently　　 C.similarly 　　D. simultaneously

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　　A[注釋]參見34題，LESS…THAN是固定的搭配。

　　A.than 　　B. that 　　C.which 　　D. as

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　　B[注釋]參見34題。D FAMILY HERITAGE家庭遺傳；C FAMILY CONCEPT家庭觀念很容易排除這兩項。只有A SYSTEM家庭系統(tǒng)，干撓性最強，但也少有這種表述，而用FAMILY STRUCTRURE則更為合適。

　　A. system 　　B. structure　　 C.concept 　　D. heritage

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　　B[注釋]OTHERCAUSE OF OFFENSIVE ACTS INCLUDE FRUSTRATION OR FAILURE IN SCHOOL， THE INCREASED OF DRUGS AND ALCONOL， AND THE GROWINGOF CHILD ABUSE AND CHILD NEGLECT.（其它可以察明的犯罪行為的原因有：在學(xué)校的挫折和失敗，毒品和酒更為容易獲得，虐待和忽視孩子的情形也有增長。）A ASSESSABLE可估測的，C NEGLIGIBLE不值得考慮的，D INCREDIBLE不可信的，皆與文意相差太遠。

　　A. assessable　　 B. identifiable　　 C.negligible　　 D. incredible

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　　D[注釋]參見37題。A EXPENSE花銷，B RESTRICTION限制，C ALLOCATION分配，D AVAILABILITY可用，可得。A項差強人意，但有了D項，不僅語法暢順，而且在文意上更合情理。

　　A. expense 　　B. restriction 　　C.allocation 　　D. availability

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　　A[注釋]B AWARENESS與C EXPOSURE都很容易排除。D POPULARITY，也可以表示普遍性，但又含有受人歡迎的意思。較POPULARITY而言，PREVALENCE則中性了一些，但選項中沒有PREVALENCE.A INCIDENCE指發(fā)生率；影響范圍，與PREVALENCE接近，故選A. A. incidence B. awareness C.exposure D. popularity

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　　C[注釋]文中最后一句空格后有…HAS NOT YET…中就可以知道空格處的的連接詞應(yīng)當(dāng)表示轉(zhuǎn)折，而只有C ALTHOUGH盡管有轉(zhuǎn)折意義，A、B、D三項都不合適。

　　A. provided 　　B. since 　　C.although 　　D. supposing