2015考研英語一翻譯真題及答案解析

　　[估分]2015年考研英語估分

　　[答案]2015年考研英語真題答案

　　[解析]2015年考研英語真題解析

　　[下載]2015年考研英語真題及答案下載

　　英語一翻譯真題：

　　Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration -one of the great folk wanderings of history-swept from Europe to America. 46) This movement, impelled (命題人改寫為driven) by powerful and diverse(命題人刪除了這兩個詞)motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.

　　47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these distinctly European cultural (命題人刪除了這三個詞)traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. 48) But, inevitably,(命題人刪掉了這個詞) the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.

　　49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they subsisted on meager rations. Many of the ships were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes tempests blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought interminable delay.

　　To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one chronicler, "The air at twelve leagues' distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden." The colonists' first glimpse of the new land was a vista of dense woods. 50)The virgin forest with its profusion (命題人把這個詞改為richness) and variety of trees was a veritable (命題人把這個詞改為real) treasure-house which extended over 1,300 miles from Maine in the north to Georgia (命題人把這個部分改為：from Maine all the way down to Georgia) in the south. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.

　　英語一翻譯答案：

　　46) This movement, driven by powerful motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.

　　【參考譯文】在多種強大的動機驅(qū)動下，這次移民在一片荒野上建起了一個國家，其本身塑造了一個未知大陸的性格和命運。

　　47) The United States is the product of two principal forces——the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.

　　【參考譯文】美國產(chǎn)生于兩個主要力量：思想習俗、民族特色各異的歐洲移民，以及修改這些特征的新國家所產(chǎn)生的影響。

　　48 But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes.

　　【參考譯文】但是，美國擁有獨特的地理條件，不同民族之間產(chǎn)生了相互的作用，因此，在一片原始新大陸上，維護舊大陸方式產(chǎn)生了純粹的困難，這一切引發(fā)了重大的變化。

　　49 The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century explorations of North America.

　　【參考譯文】在15-16世紀北美探索的一百多年之后，運往如今的美國這片新領(lǐng)土的第一船移民橫渡了大西洋。

　　50 The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.

　　【參考譯文】擁有豐富多樣樹種的原始森林是一個真正的寶庫，它從緬因州一直延伸到喬治亞州。

　　英語一翻譯解析：

　　就翻譯而言，與2014年相比，今年的考題難度上升了不小。文章節(jié)選自An Outline of American History，《美國歷史綱要》，是一本歷史學方面的專著。選入原文時，根據(jù)大綱要求稍作改動。考研翻譯曾經(jīng)在1999年考過歷史學方面的話題，當初考的是歷史學科建立方面的爭論。值得一提的是，今年的考題與1999年的歷史學文章的試題相比，簡單很多。

　　翻譯句子長度都為大綱規(guī)定的30字內(nèi)，基本沒有超綱詞匯，但由于文章主題與歐、美歷史密切相關(guān)，因此需要考生對此方面的知識有所了解，才能翻譯得得心應(yīng)手。五個句子中涉及的翻譯?？颊Z法點和句子結(jié)構(gòu)大致有：被動語態(tài)，獨立結(jié)構(gòu)、從句、并列結(jié)構(gòu)、分詞結(jié)構(gòu)等。