考研英語翻譯中結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換詳解_跨考網(wǎng)

　　結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換著眼于句子成分的相互轉(zhuǎn)換和基本句型的改變。句子成分的相互轉(zhuǎn)換主要在主語與賓語，補語與表語，主語與定語，定語與狀語，狀語與主語之間進行。

　　一、句子成分的轉(zhuǎn)換

　　1.非主語譯成主語

　　Since the invention of the transistor at the Bell Telephone Laboratories in1984, it has found its way into varied applications in the commercial，industrial and military fields.

　　參考譯文:自從1984年貝爾電話研究所發(fā)明晶體管以來，晶體管的種種應用已遍及商業(yè)、工業(yè)和軍事各個領域。(狀語譯成主語)

　　Television is different from radio in that it sends and receives pictures.

　　參考譯文:電視和無線電的不同點在于電視能收發(fā)圖像。(表語譯成主語)

　　Matter is usually electrically neutral, that is, it has as many protons, as electrons.

　　參考譯文:物質(zhì)通常是不帶電的，就是說，它的質(zhì)子和電子數(shù)量是相等的。(賓語譯成主語)

　　2.非謂語譯成謂語

　　There is a need for improvement in your study habits.

　　參考譯文:你的學習習慣需要改進。(主語譯成謂語)

　　3.非賓語譯成賓語

　　He is admired by everybody.

　　參考譯文:大家都很欽佩他。(主語譯成賓語)

　　Materials to be used for structural purpose are chosen so as to behave elastically in the environmental condition.

　　參考譯文:用于結(jié)構(gòu)上的材料必須選擇得使它們在周圍環(huán)境條件下具有彈性。(狀語譯成賓語)

　　4.非狀語譯成狀語

　　He drew a deep breath.

　　參考譯文:他深深地吸了一口氣。(定語譯成狀語)

　　Pictures show him in the company of men like Churchill，Einstein and Gandhi.

　　參考譯文:在這些照片中我們可以看到他和邱吉爾、愛因斯坦、甘地這些人的交往。(主語譯成狀語)

　　二、基本句型的轉(zhuǎn)化

　　1.簡單句轉(zhuǎn)換成復合句

　　At the slightest improvement in my work they would show warm approval.

　　參考譯文:我工作稍有進步，他們就熱情肯定。

　　2.復合句轉(zhuǎn)換成簡單句

　　This causes the construction of gigantic buildings where too large masses of human beings are crowded together.

　　參考譯文:這樣就蓋起了許多人聚居的高樓大廈。