2020考研英語翻譯小技巧之定語從句的譯法

　　2020的考生已經(jīng)進入復(fù)習的狀態(tài)，然而對于考研小白來說，問題一籮筐。對于想要參加2020考研的小伙伴們來說，還處于摸索階段，考研英語復(fù)習首先對于基礎(chǔ)常識要有了解，復(fù)習之初最好把這些都搞明白，然后有針對性的開展復(fù)習，翻譯怎么復(fù)習?下面先跟大家具體的聊一聊考研英語翻譯小技巧。

　　(1) that型

　　1. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic trail that contains a large amount of personal data on buying habits.

　　更加令人擔憂的是，使用電子支付方式會留下電子痕跡，這些痕跡包含大量個人購買習慣的數(shù)據(jù)。

　　2. These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates.

　　這些勞動者是諸如英國、加拿大以及澳大利亞等國試圖通過移民規(guī)則來吸引的人才，這些國家的移民規(guī)則給大學(xué)畢業(yè)生以優(yōu)待。

　　3. It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.

　　這一體系容易忽視并最終消滅很多缺乏商業(yè)價值的物種，然而這些物種對于整個生物群落的健康運行是至關(guān)重要的。

　　4. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.

　　這種困境將是確定無疑的，因為能源的匱乏，高能量消耗這種美國耕作方式很難在農(nóng)業(yè)中繼續(xù)下去，而這種耕作方式使投入少數(shù)農(nóng)民就可獲得高產(chǎn)成為可能。

　　5. It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invited you to think that animals should be treated either with consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.

　　這在一開始就將問題引向極端，它讓人們認為應(yīng)該這樣對待動物：要么象對待人類自身那樣去關(guān)懷，要么完全冷漠無情。

　　(2) which型

　　1. Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture”, like the concept of “set” in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.

　　因此，人類學(xué)中的“文化”就象數(shù)學(xué)中的“集”一樣，是一個抽象概念，這種抽象概念使大量的具體研究和認識成為可能。

　　2. A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private industry, is a promising start.

　　西弗吉尼亞州的民主黨參議院羅伯特•比爾德提議向私營產(chǎn)業(yè)提供財政刺激，這一提案是一個有希望的開端。

　　3. Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, …

　　而且，人類還有能力改變自己的生存環(huán)境，…

　　4. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter, we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a “valid” or “fair” comparison.

　　現(xiàn)在，既然對智力的評估是比較性的，那么，在對我們的對象進行比較時，所采用的尺度就應(yīng)當是“有效的”或“公平的”。

　　(3) who, whom, whose型

　　1. I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems.

　　我將其定義為這樣一個人：他以蘇格拉底的方式來思考道德問題，并將此當作人生的主要責任和樂趣。

　　2. On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.

　　在另一層面上，許多醫(yī)學(xué)界人士承認，關(guān)于輔助自殺的爭論的升溫的部分原因在于病人的絕望情緒，對這些病人來說，現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)事實上延長了臨終前身體的痛苦。

　　3. “It was a really bad move because that’s not my passion,” says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictable, into a lack of sales.

　　寧說：“因為這個工作不是我的興趣所在，所以這的確是糟糕的一步。”結(jié)果可想而知，他的這一矛盾心理導(dǎo)致他的銷售業(yè)績不佳。

　　4. Realistic optimists are these who make the best of things that happen.

　　現(xiàn)實的樂觀主義者是那些把發(fā)生的事情做到最好的人。

　　5. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives.

　　加入公司想在困難時期留住獨立董事，就必須提供經(jīng)濟激勵。

　　(4) where型

　　1. Most of the prospective graduate students wish to enter a satisfactory university where they can not only find exciting life but also improve themselves on academics works.

　　大部分研究生考試希望進入一個令人滿意的學(xué)校，這個學(xué)校不但有激動人心的生活，還能使自己的學(xué)術(shù)能力得到提升。

　　2. Some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn’t have changed anything.

　　一些法庭開始支持被告方，尤其是在那些警告標簽也無濟于事的案件中。