2021考研英語：傳統(tǒng)閱讀做題思路及實(shí)用解題技巧

　　2021的考生已經(jīng)開始備考，俗話說得英語者得考研，得閱讀者，得英語，其中傳統(tǒng)閱讀是考研英語試卷中的高分值題型，對(duì)于這一題型，很多同學(xué)都是可望而不可及，我們一定要好好把握這個(gè)題型。今天就來和大家分享一下關(guān)于2021考研英語傳統(tǒng)閱讀詞義句意題解題技巧。

　　傳統(tǒng)閱讀可分為：主旨大意題、推斷題、例證題、詞義句意題、情感態(tài)度題、細(xì)節(jié)題，6大題型。接下來，以詞義句意題為例，講解閱讀解題技巧。

　　詞義句意題考察的是根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)生詞難句的能力。一般在閱讀中所占分值在：4-6分。首先，要會(huì)識(shí)別詞義句意題：題干：the word/ sentence “ ______” is closet meaning to ______.這個(gè)題型在識(shí)別上難度不大，但是很多同學(xué)做到這個(gè)題目，第一反應(yīng)就是考詞匯量或者是理解句子的能力，其實(shí)不然。根據(jù)大綱，這道題的考查方向在于“推測(cè)”，也就是能夠根據(jù)上下文“猜詞”。那么上下文如何猜測(cè)詞義呢?這需要回到學(xué)術(shù)性議論文的體裁特點(diǎn)上了，學(xué)術(shù)性議論文上下文之間具有很緊密的語義關(guān)系，所以我們可以通過上下文之間的語義關(guān)系來解題。

　　語義關(guān)系分為：語義一致和語義相反。詞義句意題就可以根據(jù)這兩個(gè)語義關(guān)系來解題。

　　一、語義一致：

　　(2010 年 text 3) ....For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example, the cascade of change won’t propagate very far or affect many people.

　　34. The underlined phrase “these people” in paragraph 4 refers to the ones who ______.

　　[A] stay outside the network of social influence

　　[B] have little contact with the source of influence

　　[C] are influenced and then influence others

　　[D] are influenced by the initial influential

　　解題：這道題問“these people”指的是_____.由題干判斷為詞義句意題，定位到原文找到前后語義關(guān)系：“each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and...”所以，根據(jù)分號(hào)和“and”判斷前后語義一致，根據(jù)分號(hào)前的內(nèi)容“must then influence; who must in turn influence theirs..”，可判斷出正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

　　二、語義相反：

　　2006 年 text 1) In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference” characteristic of popular culture.

　　21. The word “homogenizing” (Line 2, Para. 1) most probably means _______.

　　[A] identifying

　　[B] associating

　　[C] assimilating

　　[D] monopolizing

　　解題：根據(jù)題干判斷為詞義句意題。定位到“homogenizing”所在的句子。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞：“In spite of 盡管”，判斷homogenizing所在的句子與前面的從句之間語義相反：“In spite of “endless talk of difference,””該句強(qiáng)調(diào)：“difference”不同，根據(jù)語義相反，homogenizing所在句應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)調(diào)“相同”那么對(duì)應(yīng)后一句，這一層含義只能與homogenizing對(duì)應(yīng)，所以該題選C項(xiàng)。

　　根據(jù)這兩個(gè)題目，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)詞義句意題可用語義關(guān)系解題，不需要完全依靠詞匯量以及閱讀理解能力，所以把握文章的邏輯語義關(guān)系對(duì)于解題十分重要。

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