22考研英語閱讀理解基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)之：新冠病毒演化出兩個亞型

　　時光如梭，英語復(fù)習(xí)一直是考研路上的一道難以跨越的砍，得閱讀者，得英語。而堅持英語閱讀是考研英語拿高分必須要做的一件事情，下面小編整理了2022年考研英語閱讀理解基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)之：新冠病毒演化出兩個亞型，希望幫助考研人提升考研復(fù)習(xí)效率。

　　新冠病毒演化出兩個亞型

　　A Chinese doctor has warned the novel coronaviruscan attack a person's central nervous system. It isthe first case that proves the novel coronavirus candamage people's central nervous system, mediareported Wednesday.

　　澎湃新聞3月4日報道，北京地壇醫(yī)院首次報告了新冠病毒攻擊中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的病例。

　　Liu Jingyuan, dean of the ICU department of theBeijing Ditan Hospital and attending doctor of the56-year-old patient, warned that doctors shouldcheck cerebrospinal fluid if patients suddenly slip inand out of consciousness, in order to lower the fatality rate of critical patients. The patientrecovered and was discharged from hospital on February 25.

　　北京地壇醫(yī)院ICU主任劉景院參與了這名56歲患者的救治，他表示一旦患者出現(xiàn)意識障礙，醫(yī)生應(yīng)及時進行腦脊液等相關(guān)檢查，從而進一步降低危重病人的病死率。

　　The patient was hospitalized one month earlier for respiratory failure. Doctors conducted genesequencing on his cerebrospinal fluid as he showed symptoms of neurological disorder liketwitching on the face after days of treatments.

　　該患者于1月24日以新冠肺炎、危重型、呼吸衰竭收入院。治療數(shù)日后，醫(yī)生檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)患者出現(xiàn)頜面及口角頻繁抽搐等神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)紊亂癥狀。

　　China issued the seventh treatment guide for COVID-19 on Tuesday that includes results ofautopsies, which clarifies that the novel coronavirus could damage various organs includingbrain tissue.

　　3月3日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委員會發(fā)布了《新型冠狀病毒肺炎診療方案(試行第七版)》，其中指出新冠病毒可能會對包括腦組織在內(nèi)的器官造成傷害。

　　The novel coronavirus has evolved into two major subtypes, a Chinese study has revealed.

　　日前，中國科學(xué)團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)，新冠病毒演化出了兩個亞型。

　　The study, titled On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2, was published on theNational Science Review of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) on Tuesday (March 3).

　　3月3日，中國科學(xué)院主辦的《國家科學(xué)評論》(National Science Review)發(fā)表題為《關(guān)于SARS-CoV-2的起源和持續(xù)進化》的論文。

　　By analyzing the genome-wide molecular evolution of 103 novel coronavirus samples,scientists found 101 samples that can be categorized into S-cov and L-cov based on 149mutation spots on virus strains.

　　論文通過對目前為止最大規(guī)模的103個新冠病毒全基因組分子進化分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)病毒株已發(fā)生了149個突變點，而且多數(shù)是近期產(chǎn)生的。該研究揭示：新冠病毒已經(jīng)演化出L和S兩個亞型。其中101個屬于這兩個亞型。

　　The paper states that S type, accounting for 30 percent, is closer to the bat-related coronavirusand is relatively older, while the L type was more prevalent in the early stages of the outbreakin Wuhan.

　　基因組數(shù)據(jù)表明，感染S型的比例占30%，L型的感染比例占70%。S型與蝙蝠來源的冠狀病毒在進化樹上更接近，從而得出S型相對更古老的結(jié)論。L型在武漢爆發(fā)疫情的早期階段更為普遍。

　　Human intervention may have placed more severe selective pressure on the L type, whichmight be more aggressive and spread more quickly than the S type.

　　人為干預(yù)可能對L亞型施加了更大的選擇性壓力，如果沒有這些干預(yù)，L亞型可能更具侵略性和擴散得更快速。

　　However, the authors highlighted the fact the data examined in the study is very limited. HowL type strains evolved from S type, as well as how these mutations would affect thetransmission and pathogenesis of the virus, are still unknown.

　　不過，論文作者也指出研究數(shù)據(jù)很有限。L型如何從S型演化而來，以及變異如何影響病毒傳播和發(fā)病機制，依然是未知數(shù)。

　　Scientists also found most patients caught either the L or S type of novel coronavirus strain.But there might be exceptions to the rule that should be followed with further research. Forexample, the study said a 63-year-old female patient in Chicago had likely contracted both Land S types of novel coronavirus strains when she traveled in Wuhan and returned to the UnitedStates on Jan 13.

　　樣本顯示，大部分患者只感染了L亞型或S亞型中的一個。但其中一位近期有過武漢旅行史的63歲美國患者卻很有可能同時感染了L型和S型新冠病毒。不過，該論文作者表示目前還無法排除新突變型的可能性。

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