考研英語(yǔ)：歷年真題閱讀要點(diǎn)之1995-Text 5（二）

　　Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. ... and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals.

　　review“復(fù)習(xí)”，也可以表示“評(píng)論”，book review“書(shū)評(píng)”;tend to do“傾向于，往往”，也可以用have a tendency to do;learned形容詞“學(xué)術(shù)上的”，也可以表示“博學(xué)的，有學(xué)問(wèn)的”;material“資料”，materialism“物質(zhì)主義”，materialist“物質(zhì)主義者”;adaptive consequences“適應(yīng)性結(jié)果”;yet“然而”，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)折處，常見(jiàn)的表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞but, nevertheless, however, whereas, fortunately, unfortunately(不管是“幸運(yùn)地”還是“不幸地”，一律看作轉(zhuǎn)折“但是”);Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive.“然而，人們可以把突然遺忘的生動(dòng)例子看作是具有適應(yīng)性的。”dramatic“引人注目的，生動(dòng)的”;in this sense“從這種意義上來(lái)說(shuō)”;survive through“經(jīng)過(guò)...活下來(lái)(幸存下來(lái))”，live through“經(jīng)受住”，二者含義相近，work through“通過(guò)反復(fù)思考來(lái)解決問(wèn)題”;interpret“解釋”，名詞interpretation;a process of natural selection in animals“在動(dòng)物中，自然選擇的過(guò)程”，A of B in C“在C中，B的A”。

　　Indeed, when one’s memory of an emotionally painful experience lead to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.

　　indeed“的確”;painful experience“痛苦的經(jīng)歷”;anxiety“焦慮”，形容詞anxious，be anxious about“擔(dān)憂(yōu)”;produce relief“帶來(lái)寬慰”;nevertheless“然而”;it充當(dāng)形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection;轉(zhuǎn)折處說(shuō)的是“然而，進(jìn)化論的解釋可能使人難以理解普遍的漸進(jìn)遺忘過(guò)程是如何在自然選擇中幸存下來(lái)的。”