2015考研英語閱讀真題：考研英語（二）第1篇

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　　英語閱讀是考研英語必考的一部分內容也是分值占比較高的一部分知識點。2018考研同學復習的重點，距離18年考研時間僅剩兩個多月的時間，各科的復習都緊張進行著。跨考網(wǎng)考研小編為大家整理了2015考研英語閱讀真題：考研英語（二）第1篇，希望同學們能夠對英語閱讀真題進行研究，對真題的出題方向、考察方式有進一步的掌握，爭取取得好成績。

　　A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys, people are actually more stressed at home than at work.

　　Researchers measured people's cortisol, which is a stress marker, while they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.

　　"Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home." Write one of the researchers, Sarah Damaske.

　　In fact women even say they feel better at work, she notes, "It is men, not women, who report being happier at home than at work."

　　Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with children and without, but more so for nonparents.

　　This is why people who work outside the home have better health.

　　What the study doesn't measure is whether people are still doing work when they're at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the office.

　　For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back.

　　For women who say home, they never get to leave the office.

　　And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch—up—with—household tasks.

　　With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustments for working women, it's not surprising that women are more stressed at home.

　　But it's not just a gender thing.

　　At work, people pretty much know what they're supposed to be doing: working, making money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income.

　　The bargain is very pure; Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life—sustaining moola.

　　On the home front, however, people have no such clarity.

　　Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out.

　　There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them.

　　Your home colleagues—your family—have no clear rewards for their labor;

　　they need to be talked into it, or if they're teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices.

　　Plus, they're your family.

　　You cannot fire your family.

　　You never really get to go home from home.

　　So it's not surprising that people are more stressed at home.

　　Not only are the tasks apparently infinite, the co—workers are much harder to motivate.

　　一項與大多數(shù)研究相反的新研究表明，人們在家中實際上比在工作中的壓力更大。

　　皮質醇是壓力大小的標識，研究人員測量了人們工作時和在家時的皮質醇，發(fā)現(xiàn)家這個被認為是庇護所的地方，人們的皮質醇更高。

　　其中一名研究員莎拉·達馬斯克寫道，“此外，另一個與傳統(tǒng)思維相矛盾的發(fā)現(xiàn)是，與男性一樣，女性在工作中的壓力程度比在家中更低。”

　　她指出，事實上女性甚至說在工作中感覺更輕松，“是男性反映說在家比在工作中更快樂，而不是女性，”

　　另一個讓人感到意外的是這個發(fā)現(xiàn)適用于有孩子或沒有孩子的父母，而沒有孩子的父母則更是如此。

　　這就是為什么外出工作的人身體更健康。

　　這項研究沒有衡量的是人們在家時是否仍在工作，無論是家務活還是從辦公室?guī)Щ丶业墓ぷ鳌?/P>

　　對很多男性來說，工作日結束后就到了休息的時候。

　　而家對女性來說，就是她們不曾離開的“辦公室”。

　　而對于外出工作的女性來說，她們經(jīng)常在忙著處理家務活。

　　由于角色的含混不清，事實上，對于職業(yè)女性來說，在進行調整方面家遠遠不及工作場所，那么在家的女性壓力更大就不那么讓人驚訝了。

　　但是這不僅僅是性別問題。

　　上班時，人們差不多知道自己該做的事：工作，掙錢，做必須要做的事來獲得收入。

　　這種交易很純粹;雇員投入數(shù)小時的體力或腦力勞動來得到維持生計的薪水。

　　而在家中，人們就沒分得那么清楚了。

　　家務活安排得那樣客觀而又有條理的是少之又少。

　　家里有一大堆事情要做，而做大多數(shù)的事情的報酬又不夠。

　　你家里的同事———你的家人——也沒有確切的報酬來酬勞他們?yōu)榇烁冻龅膭趧?

　　他們需要被人說服，如果他們是青少年，要拿完全沒收全部的電子設備來威脅他們。

　　而且，他們是你的家人。

　　你不能把他們趕走。

　　你也沒法從一個家跑到另外一個家。

　　因此，人們在家中壓力更大就不那樣令人吃驚了。

　　家務活不但永遠都做不完，而且“同事們”又更難以激勵。

　　重點單詞

　　conventional[k?n'ven??nl]adj. 傳統(tǒng)的，慣例的，常規(guī)的

　　contrary['k?ntr?ri]adj. 相反的，截然不同的

　　adv. 相反

　　mental['mentl]adj. 精神的，腦力的，精神錯亂的

　　n. 精

　　infinite['infinit]adj. 無限的，無窮的

　　n. 無限

　　employee[.empl?i'i:]n. 雇員

　　stress[stres]n. 緊張，壓力

　　v. 強調，著重

　　inadequate[in'?dikwit]adj. 不充分的，不適當?shù)?/P>

　　motivate['m?utiveit]vt. 給與動機，激發(fā)(興趣或欲望)

　　refuge['refju:d?]n. 避難(處), 庇護(所)

　　v. 庇護，避

　　rare[r??]adj. 稀罕的，稀薄的，罕見的，珍貴的

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