2015考研英語閱讀真題：考研英語（二）第4篇

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　　英語閱讀是考研英語必考的一部分內(nèi)容也是分值占比較高的一部分知識點。2018考研同學復習的重點，距離18年考研時間僅剩兩個多月的時間，各科的復習都緊張進行著。跨考網(wǎng)考研小編為大家整理了2015考研英語閱讀真題：考研英語（二）第4篇，希望同學們能夠?qū)τ⒄Z閱讀真題進行研究，對真題的出題方向、考察方式有進一步的掌握，爭取取得好成績。

　　Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent, as good news.

　　And they were right.

　　For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace.

　　We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.

　　However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked.

　　There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time.

　　This figure is now 830,000(4.4 percent) above its year ago level.

　　Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction.

　　Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs.

　　They take part-time work because this is all they can get.

　　An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market

　　and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.

　　There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down.

　　Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down by 640,000(7.9 percent)from is year ago level.

　　We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us.

　　The survey used by the Labor Department asks people is they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week.

　　If the answer is "yes," they are classified as working part-time.

　　The survey then asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice.

　　They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.

　　The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment.

　　For many people, especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions,

　　before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.

　　However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges.

　　These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families.

　　With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.

　　對于勞動部門所報告的六月份新增28.8萬個工作崗位和失業(yè)率下降至6.1個百分點，很多人都說這是個利好消息。

　　他們說得對。

　　因為這表明經(jīng)濟正以適當?shù)乃俣葎?chuàng)造就業(yè)。

　　盡管恢復充分就業(yè)的道路還很長，但至少我們正在以更快的速度前進。

　　然而，就業(yè)形勢中的另一個重要部分很大程度上被忽視了。

　　稱自己自愿兼職的人的數(shù)量猛增了。

　　現(xiàn)在這個數(shù)字比一年前的水平高出83萬(4.4個百分點)。

　　在解釋自愿兼職者的數(shù)量猛增與奧巴馬醫(yī)改計劃的關系之前，還有一個值得去區(qū)分的地方。

　　很多從事兼職工作的人其實想從事全職工作。

　　他們從事兼職工作的原因是他們只能找到這樣的工作。

　　非自愿兼職工作數(shù)的增加說明勞動力市場疲軟，

　　這就意味著很多人將很難維持開銷。

　　雖然六月份的非自愿兼職人數(shù)在增加，但總體呈下降趨勢。

　　盡管非自愿兼職就業(yè)數(shù)依然比經(jīng)濟衰退之前要高得多，但和一年前的水平比，該數(shù)字已經(jīng)下降64萬(7.9個百分點)。

　　從受訪者口中我們知道了自愿與非自愿兼職工作之間的區(qū)別。

　　勞動部門所引用的調(diào)查問受訪者他們在問卷所提及的那周工作是否少于35個小時。

　　如果受訪者的答案是“是”，他們就被歸為兼職工作者，

　　該調(diào)查然后問他們在那周工作少于35小時是因為自己不想做全職還是因為他們別無選擇。

　　如果受訪者告訴調(diào)查者是他們選擇一周工作少于35小時的話，那么他們就被歸為自愿兼職工作者。

　　自愿兼職工作這一問題與奧巴馬醫(yī)改計劃相關聯(lián)是因為該計劃的主要目的之一就是讓人們不就業(yè)也能得到醫(yī)療保險。

　　對于大多數(shù)人來說，尤其是那些有嚴重健康問題的人或其家庭成員有嚴重健康問題的人，

　　在奧巴馬醫(yī)改計劃實施之前，得到醫(yī)療保險的唯一途徑是找到提供健康保險的工作。

　　而奧巴馬醫(yī)改計劃已讓1200多萬人通過“Medicaid”或“醫(yī)保交易所”得到了醫(yī)療保險。

　　這些人先前覺得為了讓自己和家人得到醫(yī)療保險，就要找到提供該保險的全職工作。

　　由于有了奧巴馬醫(yī)療計劃，就業(yè)和保險之間的聯(lián)系就不再那么絕對了。

　　重點單詞

　　issue['i?ju:]n. 發(fā)行物，期刊號，爭論點

　　previously['pri:vju:sli]adv. 先前，在此之前

　　survey[s?:'vei]v. 調(diào)查，檢查，測量，勘定，縱覽，環(huán)視

　　unemployment['?nim'pl?im?nt]n. 失業(yè)，失業(yè)人數(shù)

　　involuntary[in'v?l?nt?ri]adj. 非自愿的，無意的，不由自主的

　　decent['di:snt]adj. 體面的，正派的，得體的，相當好的

　　evidence['evid?ns]n. 根據(jù)，證據(jù)

　　v. 證實，證明

　　distinction[dis'ti?k??n]n. 差別，對比，區(qū)分，榮譽，優(yōu)秀

　　insurance[in'?u?r?ns]n. 保險，保險費，安全措施

　　figure['fig?]n. 圖形，數(shù)字，形狀; 人物，外形，體型

　　最后的幾個月，考生要專注自己的目標，去讓自己變得越來越厲害。愿你，在最好的時光有能力做完自己最想做的事，祝小伙伴們研途順利!

       小編說:時間從來都是很快的流逝，尤其是對于忙碌的人，今天的你如果感覺天黑來的很快，那么請慶幸你的忙碌，這樣的忙碌帶來不僅是成績的提升，還同時在提升你的個人能力，讓你在將來比其他人更快的步入財務相對自由的狀態(tài)，高學歷不僅是成績的印證，更是能力的代表?。「淖?，就從你加入秋季集訓營開始！
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