2022考研英語語法難點剖析之：非謂語動詞

　　考研復(fù)習(xí)，任務(wù)重，壓力大，在考研路上英語復(fù)習(xí)一直是一道難以跨越的砍，考研英語中語法的重要性小編已經(jīng)說過很多次了，因此各位考生要予以重視。下面小編整理2022考研英語語法難點剖析之非謂語動詞，供大家參考。

　　非謂語動詞

　　【難句】1. The energy used to separate oxygen from air before burning is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards, leading to a similar loss of efficiency. (The Economist Nov. 30, 2006)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句是一個簡單句，為一個主系表結(jié)構(gòu)The energy is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards，使用了as…as…結(jié)構(gòu)，其中被比較的對象that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards中，that指代上文的energy，過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)needed to…作后置定語體現(xiàn)被動。其中主語energy由過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)used to separate oxygen from air before burning 作后置定語體現(xiàn)被動;句末的現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)leading to a similar loss of efficiency作全句的結(jié)果狀語。

　　【參考譯文】 燃燒前將氧氣從空氣中分離所需的能源幾乎不亞于上述將氮氣過濾所需的耗費，這就使得兩者在效率損失上不相上下。

　　【難句】2. Some great manufacturers and great service companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs, outsourcing not just their non-core activities but essential ones too. (The Economist Jun. 15, 2006)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句不難，逗號前為主句Some great manufacturers and great service companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs,使用了too…to…結(jié)構(gòu)，句末的現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)outsourcing not just their non?core activities but essential ones too作伴隨狀語，進一步補充說明reduce costs的具體內(nèi)容。

　　【參考譯文】有些大的制造商和服務(wù)供應(yīng)商熱衷于降低成本，不僅把非核心業(yè)務(wù)外包，而且連核心業(yè)務(wù)也不放過。

　　【難句】3. The study shows that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year, increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels. (The Sunday Times Jan. 11, 2007)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本句是復(fù)合句。逗號前為主句，是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，其中謂語shows的賓語由that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year充當(dāng)。現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels作狀語，我們可以理解其為結(jié)果狀語，注意增加的幅度用介詞by表示。句末的過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)compared with 2006 recruitment levels作比較狀語。

　　【參考譯文】研究表明，《時代》排名前100名的畢業(yè)生雇主單位中有將近一半計劃今年將擴大畢業(yè)生接收規(guī)模，為新的畢業(yè)生增加可利用的空缺職位數(shù)量，這個數(shù)量與2006年的新成員水平相比，會增加10%以上。

　　【難句】4. The trouble is, as soon as you’ve been given a clean bill of health you’re back at your desk, facing the same situation that led to depression and compulsive behavior problems in the first place. (Times Online Jan. 11, 2007)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本句主干是一個主系表結(jié)構(gòu)The trouble is…，其中表語部分由從句充當(dāng)。在表語從句中，包含as soon as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句as soon as you’ve been given a clean bill of health，翻譯為“一……就……”?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語facing the same situation…作you’re back at your desk的伴隨狀語，關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句 that led to depression and compulsive behavior problems in the first place修飾先行詞the same situation，that在從句中作主語。

　　【參考譯文】 問題是，一旦你得到清楚的健康證明，你就得立刻回到你的辦公桌，并且首先就要面對與原來曾導(dǎo)致沮喪和強迫性行為問題的同樣的情形。

　　【參考譯文】 上司為你加薪–;–;為他或她錄用你的判斷而自豪高興，要比自己為獲得同樣的加薪而要求更好。

　　【難句】3. Women’s control over the number of children they have is an unqualified good–;as is the average person’s enjoyment, in rich countries, of ten more years of life than they had in 1960. (The Economist Jun. 5, 2006)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本句主句為Women’s control over the number of children they have is an unqualified good，其中they have為省略了關(guān)系代詞的定語從句，修飾先行詞children，破折號部分as is the average person’s enjoyment…為as引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞an unqualified good，注意這里good作名詞用;句末的比較結(jié)構(gòu)of ten more years of life than they had in 1960使用了than加從句，整體作從句中表語the average person’s enjoyment的后置定語。

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 女人擁有一種絕對的優(yōu)勢，那就是對自己生孩子的數(shù)量的掌控。在發(fā)達(dá)國家，對普通人而言，能比六十年代的人多享受十年的生活也同樣是種絕對優(yōu)勢。

　　【難句】4. Moreover, most participants could find an angry face just as quickly when it was mixed in a group of eight photographs as when it was part of a group of four. (The Economist Jun. 8, 2006)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本句的比較結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，使用了as…as…形式，比較的兩端為when it was mixed in a group of eight photographs和 when it was part of a group of four。

　　【參考譯文】 另外，不管這些圖片是八張一組還是四張一組，參與者都能同樣迅速地辨別出憤怒的表情。

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