2011考研閱讀理解全文翻譯完全解析（二）_跨考網(wǎng)

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　　When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,” McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.

　　當(dāng)八月份，Liam McGee以總裁的身份從美國(guó)銀行離職的時(shí)候，他的解釋出人意料的直白。他沒(méi)有忸怩的用平常的模糊的理由來(lái)遮掩他的離開，他很坦誠(chéng)的講他離開就是為了去追求他經(jīng)營(yíng)一家公司的目標(biāo)。McGee說(shuō)宣揚(yáng)自己的目標(biāo)就是自己的決定。兩周后，他第一次和Hartford Financial Services Group的董事會(huì)第一次會(huì)談，這家公司在9月29日提名他為董事會(huì)主席和CEO.

　　McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isn’t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.

　　他說(shuō)在離開的時(shí)候并沒(méi)有找好后面的職位(下家)，使他有時(shí)間去反思他到底想去經(jīng)營(yíng)一家什么樣的公司。這同時(shí)也就他的激情和決心，給了外界一個(gè)清晰的信號(hào)。這樣做的并不只是McGee一個(gè)人。最近幾周，Avon and American Express的一些高級(jí)經(jīng)理離職并解釋說(shuō)想需找一個(gè)ceo的職位。當(dāng)董事會(huì)迫于股東的壓力對(duì)一系列的計(jì)劃進(jìn)行審查的時(shí)候，那些計(jì)劃被否定掉的經(jīng)理們也會(huì)想離開。激烈的商業(yè)環(huán)境同樣使得高級(jí)經(jīng)理很小心，模糊的表態(tài)可能會(huì)破壞他們的聲譽(yù)。

　　As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.

　　當(dāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的標(biāo)志開始確定的時(shí)候，二把手們可能更愿意在沒(méi)有網(wǎng)(新的工作)情況下?lián)Q工作。第三季度，根據(jù)Liberum的調(diào)查，CEO的更迭和一年前相比減少了23%，這是由于緊張的董事會(huì)緊盯著他們的ceo們。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇和好轉(zhuǎn)，對(duì)有理想的頭兒們，機(jī)會(huì)是很多的。

　　The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn Ferry， senior partner Dennis Carey :“I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”

　　離開高管的職位去尋找一個(gè)更好的職位，并不是傳統(tǒng)的做法。多年以來(lái)，經(jīng)理們和獵頭們都認(rèn)同這樣一個(gè)原則：最有吸引力的CEO的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是那些需要去挖來(lái)的人。Korn Ferry， senior partner Dennis Carey說(shuō)道：我所做的每一次的招聘中，董事會(huì)都要求我從那些在任的CEO中尋找人選。

　　Those who jumped without a job haven’t always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana when the business became part of PepsiCo (PEP) a decade ago, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.

　　那些沒(méi)有找到工作就離開的人并不是很快就能找到頂級(jí)的職位。10年前，Tropicana被PepsiCo (PEP)收購(gòu)了，她以經(jīng)理的身份離職了，她說(shuō)他想當(dāng)ceo.但是花了一年的時(shí)間她才成為一家小型互聯(lián)網(wǎng)交換公司的頭。2005年Robert Willumstad帶著想成為CEO的夢(mèng)想離開了Citigroup.可是三年后他才成為了一家主要的金融機(jī)構(gòu)的CEO.

　　Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inverted,” says one headhunter. “The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.”

　　很多招聘的人都說(shuō)對(duì)于高管而言，過(guò)去認(rèn)為的丟臉的感覺(jué)(沒(méi)有工作)已經(jīng)慢慢消失了。金融危機(jī)已經(jīng)使得跳槽，離開一個(gè)不好的工作變得更加可以接受了。一個(gè)獵頭就說(shuō)到: “傳統(tǒng)的規(guī)則是待在你原來(lái)的地方會(huì)更加安全，但是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)徹底改變了. 那些受傷最厲害的就是那里在一個(gè)地方待太久的人?！?/p>

　　語(yǔ)篇分析：

　　這篇文章來(lái)自：Business Week 商業(yè)周刊 2009年11月5日，Top Managers Are Quitting, Without a New Job by Jena McGregor：頂級(jí)經(jīng)理人在離職，新工作還沒(méi)著落。

　　文章從Liam McGee的跳槽為引子開始，引出第二段中跳槽的人很多。第三段進(jìn)一步的講金融危機(jī)會(huì)引起更多的人跳槽。四段和五段回顧過(guò)去。六段回到現(xiàn)在。借別人的嘴強(qiáng)化觀點(diǎn)：就是該跳，并且要“裸跳”，在沒(méi)有找到下家就跳。“裸跳”不丟人。

　　26. When McGee announced his departure, his manner can best be described as being

　　[A]arrogant. [B]frank.

　　[C]self-centered. [D]impulsive.

　　解析：根據(jù)題干中的McGee announced his departure定位到這兩句：When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” straight up.是第一個(gè)線索，Rather than vague excuses答案直接可以鎖定：B. frank.就怕你們不認(rèn)識(shí)單詞啊，所以12年同學(xué)加油背單詞!記住單詞記憶只有一個(gè)方法，重復(fù)!

　　27. According to Paragraph 2, senior executives’ quitting may be spurred by

　　[A]their expectation of better financial status.

　　[B]their need to reflect on their private life.

　　[C]their strained relations with the boards.

　　[D]their pursuit of new career goals.

　　解析：題干的關(guān)注點(diǎn)在于spur 這是在課堂中講過(guò)的隱含因果的表達(dá)。結(jié)果是：senior executives’ quitting，尋找原因：文章中很明確的with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post.這個(gè)題目中體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的還是Kevin老師在課上一直強(qiáng)調(diào)的：文章表達(dá)的多樣性在理解中的重要性：senior executives’ quitting= the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express ;上下義詞的替換;new career goals= CEO post;也是上下義詞的替換。有干擾性的就是C了后文確實(shí)說(shuō)道了和board 之間的關(guān)系，但是是講在計(jì)劃不被批準(zhǔn)的時(shí)候，并不是和董事會(huì)關(guān)系緊張。并且董事會(huì)的審查是在股東的壓力下才執(zhí)行的。沒(méi)有理由支持這一選項(xiàng)。

　　28. The word “poached” (Line 3, Paragraph 4) most probably means

　　[A]approved of. [B]attended to.

　　[C]hunted for [D]guarded against.

　　解析：理解這句話：I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.我用的反譯法：我所做的每一次的招聘中，董事會(huì)都要求我從那些在任的CEO中尋找人選。這說(shuō)明那些人都是要去挖的，那么對(duì)應(yīng)的單詞就是hunt for 了。在模擬題中我給過(guò)解釋的。

　　29. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that

　　[A]top performers used to cling to their posts.

　　[B]loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated.

　　[C]top performers care more about reputations.

　　[D]it’s safer to stick to the traditional rules.

　　解析：這個(gè)題是個(gè)推理題，段落推理題。幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)都得看：第二個(gè)選項(xiàng)在對(duì)應(yīng)第一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers.但是對(duì)應(yīng)錯(cuò)了： disgrace不等于loyalty。一個(gè)是丟人，一個(gè)是忠誠(chéng)。第三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的比較是文中沒(méi)有提到的。top performers care reputations這樣是可以的，但是沒(méi)有說(shuō)過(guò)是more.第四個(gè)選項(xiàng)：和原文表述反了：The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inverted.原文中說(shuō)：The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one.正話反說(shuō)：top performers used to cling to their posts.高級(jí)經(jīng)理過(guò)去常在一個(gè)地方呆著。

　　30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

　　[A]CEOs: Where to Go? [B]CEOs: All the Way Up?

　　[C]Top Managers Jump without a Net [D]The Only Way Out for Top Performers

　　解析：強(qiáng)烈的干擾項(xiàng)是：[A]CEOs: Where to Go? [B]CEOs: All the Way Up?原因在于CEO在文中出現(xiàn)了很多次，同學(xué)們把ceo當(dāng)成了主體詞。這也是反反命題的一個(gè)體現(xiàn)。文章的主體詞其實(shí)是：top manager, ceo 只是他們想去成為，而不是現(xiàn)在就是。不是主題詞。這給了我們一個(gè)啟示，要從文章的大意找結(jié)構(gòu)。不要被其他的所謂技巧所迷惑。去掉A和B以后，c和d相比答案就比較容易了。只是要理解net 就是替換了new job.再無(wú)恥一點(diǎn)，原文的標(biāo)題就是這樣的top Managers Are Quitting, Without a New Job