2014考研��p��指导�Q�作文高分标准_跨考网

　　一�?内容切题�Q�包括提�U�的全部内容
　　跨�?a href="http://www.smilerich.cn/pub/english/" target="_blank">考研��p��辅导专家认�ؓ(f��)作文的高分标准首先是要切题。但许多考生认�ؓ(f��)作文题己有要求和提纲�Q�按题目写作不会(x��)出问题。但跨�?a href="http://www.smilerich.cn/" target="_blank">考研调查�l�果昄���事实往往�q����如此�Q�许多考生仍然跑题或扣不准题。有的考生辞不达意�Q�有的考生主题不突出，�q�有的考生照搬照抄�Q�结果文不对题�?br>所谓的切题指不偏离主题�Q�提�U�的所有内定w��是围�l�主题来展开的�?br>　　Example
　　Title: Good Health
　　Outline: 1. Importance of good health
　　2. Ways to ensure a good health
　　文章的主题很昄���是谈论健康问题，同时是围�l�健��L(f��ng)��重要性和怎样保持健康的��n体两斚w��来谈论的。有的考生未经仔细审题便匆匆落�W�，�l�果���文章写成“健康与财富”，不能满��评分标的�W�一��要求。一���较好的文章如下�Q?

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Good Health
　　Good health is the best reassurance a person can possess. The world, with all its attractions and wonders, is open to those who have wealth, but they cannot enjoy it unless they have good health. It is very difficult for a man, no matter how rich, powerful or learned he may be, to be happy without good health. But if he enjoys good health, a poor and humble man can be happy. There is no doubt, therefore, that“Good health is the best wealth�?br>　　The human body is wonderful engine .It is far more delicate than a locomotive .Everyone must be the engineer and fireman of his own body. If well maintained, If it is out of order, its master will suffer. There are a number of useful rules which will ensure good health if people follow them.
　　Cleanliness-The body needs to be kept clean. It should be washed at least once a week in winter and once a day in summer.
Fresh air- One of the chief constituents of the air is oxygen, which is necessary for life. We ought to see that our rooms are always full of fresh air.
　　Food-Care should be taken that the food is wholesome and suited to the constitution.
　　Exercise-The muscle must be all kept exercised, although not to excess.
Sleep-The hours of sleep are very valuable, during which the mind is kept as calm and peaceful as possible. We cannot have good health unless the brain be renewed by sleep.

　　所以一开始短文写作，考生应注意以下几个方面：(x��)
　　1�Q�认真审题。先分析题目所包含的内容和信息�Q�把握住出题者的意图�Q�确定文章属于哪一�U�体裁，思考表达文体和写作手法�Q�以能将主题思想完美表达出来。然后仔�l�阅��M��文要求、提�U�或其他相关内容�Q�如图表、图甅R��数字说明等�Q�，注意抓住题目和提�U�中的关键词�?qi��ng)提�U�要点之间的衔接和逻辑关系�Q�进一步考虑怎样�l�织�D�落来突��Z��题。以下面的试题�ؓ(f��)例：(x��)
　　�Q?�Q?Money is regarded by some people as the most important thing in life�?br>　　�Q?�Q?But money can not buy everything�?br>　　�Q?�Q?There are people who gamble or cheat to obtain money�?br>
　　对于�q�类试题�Q�由于标题和每段的主题句都己具备�Q�考生要注意的���是在题目所提示的主题思想基础上，按照各段主题句关键作出的提示和思想�q�行深入的论�q�和发挥。很明显�Q�本文属于议论文题材�Q�需要考生发表议论和看法。要注意的是�Q�第一�D�中“some people”提�C�����q�的是别人的观点�Q�而第二段和第三段谈论的才是自��q��观点和看法。如果在阅读要求时不认真�Q�审题不仔细�Q�就�?x��)把�W�一�D�也写成自己的观点，�l�果使第二段和第一�D늚�不能自衔接，在逻辑上也出现混�ؕ�?

　　2�Q�组�l�段落，构思选材。段落围�l�主题来展开�Q�但各个�D�落也有主题句和�D�落中心。主题句��x���D늚�论点�Q�围�l�论�Ҏ(gu��)��供论据抓住了�D�落中心�Q�而句子之间或�D�落之间的承上启下，�q�渡�q�诏�Q�句型逻辑�{�也要同�q�考虑�Q�对于材料的取舍也应该胸有成竹，避免下笔时无章可循，���题万里。例如：(x��)
　　Advertising
　　(1) Nowadays advertisements are found everywhere
　　(2) Advertisements fill almost every minute of a day
　　(3) No one can avoid being influenced by ads.

　　从标题和三段主题句的提示中可以看出，主题思想己很明确�Q�从体裁来看�Q�本文属于叙�q�文�Q�对生活中的一些事实进行陈�q�ͼ�同时附带自己的看法。文章�ؓ(f��)三段式结构，�D�首句均��Z��题句�Q�要注意扑և�句子的关键词�Q�它们分别�ؓ(f��)�Q�第一�D�主题句中是“everywhere”；�W�三�D�主题句中是“every minute�?�W�三�D�主题句中�ؓ(f��)“no one can avoid”。每�D�主题句之后的扩展句均要围绕�q�些关键词来展开和发挥，同时考生要注意控制每�D�字数�?

　　二、表达清楚，意义�q�诏
　　表达清楚包含三方面的内容�Q�一是叙�q�要清楚�Q�一目了�Ӟ��二是作者的遣词造句要得当，�q�渡要连贯��^�E�I��三是主题明确�Q�论点论据展开合理�Q�以旉���、过�E�、空间、详情、列举、概括、对比、因果、分�c�R��定义、发展高潮或�l�合�{�方法来展开�Q��?br>　　下面�q�段文章表达不清楚，意义也不�q�诏�Q?br>　　Finding information in a library can be very confusing. There are so many reference books. Their functions are not always clear. One good place to start looking for facts is the card catalogue, and also, the librarian is always ready to answer questions.
　　�l�改�q?br>　　Finding information in a library can be very confusing. Although there are so many reference books, their functions are not always clear. One good place to start looking for facts is the card catalogue. Also, the librarian is always ready to answer question.

　　三、句式有变化　
　　有的考生从头到尾使用���单句�Q���整个文章变得�q�x�E无味�Q�一看就是初学者水�q��?br>　　句式有变化指的是一定的意义要用合适的句型来表达，它包含两层意思：(x��)一是采用适当的句型来表达内容�Q�包括简单句、�ƈ列句、复合句、主动被动句、长句、短句、疑问句、插入语、独立成份等�Q�二是句子之间的逻辑关系要合理，包括�q�列关系、因果关�p�R��递进关系、�{折关�p�R��解释关�p�R��概括关�p�R��顺序关�p�R��让步关�p�R��对比关�p�R���{换关�pȝ���Q�翻译篇中也有所介绍�Q�，�q�些逻辑关系均有适当的关联词�Q�过渡词�Q�来�q�接�Q�如表示因果关系的就是有accordingly, consequently, hence, therefore , thus, so, in consequence, as a result�{��?

　　只有在句式上有了变化�Q�才能谈得成��Z�����好文章。试比较下面的例子：(x��)
　　Example
　　原文: I will never drive a car again.�Q�简单句�Q�I had an accident today.(���单句)I was
　　driving up Fourth Avenue.�Q�简单句�Q�I saw a bright yellow car.(���单句) It was driven by a little old lady.�Q�简单句�Q�She obviously did not see the stop sign.�Q�简单句�Q�I could not stop in time.�Q�简单句�Q�She ran right into me.�Q�简单句�Q�Then she called me a“young hoodlum�Q�流氓）。”（���单句�Q?br>　　本文�׃��(ji��)个简单组成，读�v来单调无呻I��毫无感染力�?br>　　改进: I will never drive a car again.�Q�简单句�Q?I had an accident today when I was driving up Fourth Avenue.�Q�复合句�Q�I saw a bright yellow car which was driven by a little old lady.�Q�复合句�Q�She obviously did not see the stop sign, and I could not stop in time.�Q��ƈ列句�Q�She ran right into me. Then she called me a “young hoodlum�?(���单句)
　　原文�l�改�q�，句式有了较大的变化，由“简单句、复合句、复合句、�ƈ列句、简单句、简单句”这��L(f��ng)����序�l�成�Q�读��h��觉得内容特别�Q���o(h��)人回呻I��效果完全不一栗��?/p>