2012�q�考研��p��阅读理解�_�读���（六）_跨考网

　　TEXT TWO

　　The haunting paintings of Helene Schjerfbeck, on show in the final leg of a travelling tour that has already attracted thousands of visitors in Hamburg and The Hague, may come as a surprise to many. Few outside the Nordic world would recognise the work of this Finnish artist who died in 1946. More people should. The 120 works have at their core 20 self-portraits, half the number she painted in all. The first, dated 1880, is of a wide-eyed teenager eager to absorb everything. The last is a sighting of the artist's ghost-to-be; Schjerfbeck died the year after it was made. Together this series is among the most moving and accomplished autobiographies-in-paint.

　　Precociously gifted, Schjerfbeck was 11 when she entered the Finnish Art Society's drawing school. “The Wounded Warrior in the Snow�? a history painting, was bought by a private collector and won her a state travel grant when she was 17. Schjerfbeck studied in Paris, went on to Pont-Aven, Brittany, where she painted for a year, then to Tuscany, Cornwall and St Petersburg. During her 1887 visit to St Ives, Cornwall, Schjerfbeck painted “The Convalescent�? A child wrapped in a blanket sits propped up in a large wicker chair, toying with a sprig. The picture won a bronze medal at the 1889 Paris World Fair and was bought by the Finnish Art Society. To a modern eye it seems almost sentimental and is redeemed only by the somewhat stunned, melancholy expression on the child's face, which may have been inspired by Schjerfbeck's early experiences. At four, she fell down a flight of steps and never fully recovered.

　　In 1890, Schjerfbeck settled in Finland. Teaching exhausted her, she did not like the work of other local painters, and she was further isolated when she took on the care of her mother (who lived until 1923). “If I allow myself the freedom to live a secluded life�? she wrote, “then it is because it has to be that way.�?In 1902, Schjerfbeck and her mother settled in the small, industrial town of Hyvinkaa, 50 kilometres north of Helsinki. Isolation had one desired effect for it was there that Schjerfbeck became a modern painter. She produced still lives and landscapes but above all moody yet incisive portraits of her mother, local school girls, women workers in town (profiles of a pensive, aristocratic looking seamstress dressed in black stand out). And of course she painted herself. Comparisons have been made with James McNeill Whistler and Edvard Munch. But from 1905, her pictures became pure Schjerfbeck.

　　“I have always searched for the dense depths of the soul, that have not yet discovered themselves�? she wrote, “where everything is still unconscious—there one can make the greatest discoveries.�?She experimented with different kinds of underpainting, scraped and rubbed, made bright rosy red spots; doing whatever had to be done to capture the subconscious—her own and that of her models. In 1913, Schjerfbeck was rediscovered by an art dealer and journalist, Gosta Stenman. Once again she was a success. Retrospectives, touring exhibitions and a biography followed, yet Schjerfbeck remained little known outside Scandinavia. That may have had something to do with her indifference to her renown. “I am nothing, absolutely nothing�? she wrote. “All I want to do is paint�? Schjerfbeck was possessed of a unique vision, and it is time the world recognised that.

　　1. Schjerfbeck’s paintings may come as a surprise to many because_____

　　[A] her paintings are rarely known outside the Nordic world.

　　[B] her paintings have never been on show out of the Nordic world

　　[C] her paintings have the power to haunt people whoever have seen them.

　　[D] her paintings focus on supernatural elements such as ghosts.

　　2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　[A] “The Convalescent�?is in fact a portrait of Schjerfbeck in her childhood.

　　[B] “The Convalescent�?is a reflection of Schejerfbeck’s sentimental childhood.

　　[C] “The Convalescent�?is made as a result of an accident in Schejerfbeck’s childhood.

　　[D] “The Convalescent�?is featured by the child’s stunned, melancholy expression.

　　3.Schejerbeck chose to live a secluded life mainly because of ____

　　[A] she was exhausted by her teaching job.

　　[B] her personality prefers this kind of style.

　　[C] she could not appreciate the work of the other local painters.

　　[D] her mother’s health condition required her to adopt such a life style.

　　4.Schjerfbeck remained little known outside the Nordic world probably because_____

　　[A] she did not make efforts to publicize her works.

　　[B] she knew that her works would gain worldwide recognition one day.

　　[C] she only cared about her painting instead of personal fame.

　　[D] the last thing she was interested in was to have people disturb her.

　　5. We can infer from the passage that the most outstanding characteristics of Schjerfbeck’s paintings is_____

　　[A] her vivid characterization of common people.

　　[B] her capture of the characters�?soul.

　　[C] the melancholy expression of the characters.

　　[D] her unconscious sense of some mysterious elements.

　　���章剖析�Q?/p>

　　�q�篇文章介绍了画家Schejerfbeck的创作经历。第一�D�先��q��展引出本文的��M�h公Schejerfbeck�?�W�二�D�讲�q�Schejerfbeck早期的创作经历和成�W;�W�三�D�讲�q�Schejerfbeck创作如何成熟�?�W�四�D�讲�q�Schejerfbeck创作的体会和特点�?/p>

　　词汇注释�Q?/p>

　　haunting adj不易忘怀的，常��Q现在心头�?leg n. 最后一�E?/p>

　　precociously adv. �q�早�?convalescent n.恢复期病�? adj. 恢复期的;渐愈�?/p>

　　redeem v. 弥补�Q�补�?sprig n. 植物的小�?/p>

　　incisive adj. ���刻�?moody adj. 喜怒无常的, 忧�?zh��n)?/p>

　　pensive adj. 沉思的 seamstress n. 奌����~?/p>

　　隑֏��H�破:

　　(1) The haunting paintings of Helene Schjerfbeck, on show in the final leg of a travelling tour that has already attracted thousands of visitors in Hamburg and The Hague, may come as a surprise to many.

　　[��M��句式] The haunting paintings may come as a surprise to many.

　　[�l�构分析] �q�是一个简单句�Q�主语有一个比较复杂的介词短语作定语on show…，在这个介词短语中�Q�充当状语的介词短语中介词的宾语带有以that引导的定语从句�?/p>

　　[句子译文] Helene Schjerfbeck那些让�h不易忘怀的画在这�ơ��E展最后的展出���会�l��h带来许多惊喜�Q�而其实这�ơ��E展已�l�吸引了汉堡和�v牙成千上万的游客�?/p>

　　(2) To a modern eye it seems almost sentimental and is redeemed only by the somewhat stunned, melancholy expression on the child's face, which may have been inspired by Schjerfbeck's early experiences.

　　[��M��句式] It seems almost sentimental and is redeemed only by �?/p>

　　[�l�构分析] �q�是一个�ƈ列句�Q�第二个分句的状语比较复杂，介词短语的宾语expression带有一个由which引导的非限定性定语从句�?/p>

　　[句子译文] 在现代�h看来�q�幅��M���?j��ng)是感伤的，只有孩子有点发呆、忧郁的表情���是一点缓和。这可能是Schjerfbeck���时候的�l�历触发而创作的�?/p>

　　题目分析�Q?/p>

　　1. Schjerfbeck’s paintings may come as a surprise to many because_____1.许多人看�?Schjerfbeck的作品都会大吃一惊因为_____

　　[A] her paintings are rarely known outside the Nordic world.[A] 日��x��世界之外很少有�h知道她的作品�?/p>

　　[B] her paintings have never been on show out of the Nordic world.[B]她的作品从没在日��x��世界之外的地方展览过�?/p>

　　[C] her paintings have the power to haunt people whoever have seen them.[C] 她的作品�l��h来带挥之不去的印象�?/p>

　　[D] her paintings focus on supernatural elements such as ghosts.[D]她的作品注重一些超自然的因素，诸如鬼神�{��?/p>

　　[�{�案]A

　　[隑ֺ��p�L��] ☆☆

　　[分析] 推理题。文章第一�D�|��刎ͼ�Schejerfbeck作品巡回展在德国和�v牙吸引了好多人，大部分�h看到她的作品都会吃惊�Q�紧接着���p��日��x��世界之外很少有�h见过她的作品�Q�但是她的作品理应受到更多�h的观赏。可以推���，她的作品是比较优�U�的作品，但因为大多数��Z��没见�q�，�W�一�ơ看��C��感觉震惊。因此，主要原因是日��x��世界之外很少有�h知道她的作品。B选项昄���与原文不�W�，因�ؓ她的作品在日��x��之外的地��Z��展示�q�。C和D只是片面概括了她作品的一些特点，�q�不�W�合题意�?/p>

　　2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?2.�Ҏ(gu��)��文章�Q�下列哪一个论�q�是正确�?

　　[A] “The Convalescent�?is in fact a portrait of Schjerfbeck in her childhood.[A] “正在康复的人”实际上是Schjerfbeck描述自己儿童时期的一�q�自��d���?/p>

　　[B] “The Convalescent�?is a reflection of Schejerfbeck’s sentimental childhood.[B] “正在康复的人”反应了Schjerfbeck感伤的儿童时代�?/p>

　　[C] “The Convalescent�?is made as a result of an accident in Schejerfbeck’s childhood.[C] “正在康复的人”是因Schjerfbeck儿童时期发生的一��h��外才创作的�?/p>

　　[D] “The Convalescent�?is featured by the child’s stunned, melancholy expression.[D] “正在康复的人”主要突出描�l�了儿童发呆、忧郁的表情�?/p>

　　[�{�案]C

　　[隑ֺ��p�L��] ☆☆�?/p>

　　[分析] �l�节题。题目是有关Schejerfbeck早期作品“正在康复的人”，文中提到从现代�h的角度看�Q�这�q�作品比较感伤，只是孩子有点发呆、忧郁的表情�E�微�~�和了这�U�情�l�，�q�幅作品可能是受其儿童时期经历的影响才创作的�Q�因为她���时候从楼梯上摔了下来。因此，四个选项中，A �q�不是她的自��d��;B �q�幅��dƈ不是要表现她感伤的儿童时代，只是儿童时期�l�历�q�一�ơ意外摔伤是创作�q�幅�ȝ��诱因而已;C说明了创作诱因，是正���的;D与文章内容不�W��?/p>

　　3.Schejerfbeck chose to live a secluded life mainly because ____3.Schejerfbeck选择了一�U�隐居生�z�M��要因为_____

　　[A] she was exhausted by her teaching job.[A] 她厌倦了教书的生�z�R�?/p>

　　[B] her personality prefers this kind of style.[B] 她个性��得她选择了这��L��一�U�生�z�L��式�?/p>

　　[C] she could not appreciate the work of the other local painters.[C] 她不喜欢当地其他��d��的作品�?/p>

　　[D] her mother’s bad health condition required her to adopt such a life style.[D] �Ҏ(gu��)��亲��n体不好，因此她必���M���q�种方式生活�?/p>

　　[�{�案] B

　　[隑ֺ��p�L��] ☆☆☆☆

　　[分析] �l�节题。Schejerfbeck选择了过隐居生活�Q�这在文章第二段中有具体描述。首先她厌倦了教授�l�画的工作，也不喜欢当地其他��d��的作品，再加上她负担��L����母亲的责�Q�Q�她���最�l�选择了隐居，她自己提到这个时��_��“如果我允许自己选择了一�U�隐居地生活�Q�那是因��Z��情只能如此。”分析她隐居的原因，最主要的还是前两个�Q�一个是厌倦了�l�画工作�Q�一个是不喜�Ƣ当地其他画家作品，�q�都与她的个性有兟뀂因此，�q�根�I�底其原因是�Ҏ(gu��)���w�性格所致�?/p>

　　4.Schjerfbeck remained little known outside the Nordic world probably because_____4.Schejerfbeck 在日��x��之外的世界少被�h知道是因为_____

　　[A] she did not make efforts to publicize her works.[A] �Ҏ(gu��)��有花力气��d��传自��q��作品�?/p>

　　[B] she knows that her works would gain worldwide recognition one day. [B] 她知道自��q��作品��L��一天会得到世界的承认�?/p>

　　[C] she only cared about her painting instead of personal fame. [C] 她只兛_��她的�l�画�Q�对名利�q�不感兴����?/p>

　　[D] the last thing she was interested in was to have people disturb her. [D] �Ҏ(gu��)��不感兴趣的事情就是让别�h打扰奏V�?/p>

　　[�{�案]C

　　[隑ֺ��p�L��] ☆☆☆☆

　　[分析] �l�节题。文章最后一�D�|��刎ͼ�虽然有作品回��ֱ�、��E回展出、传讎ͼ�但是在斯堪的�U�维亚半岛之外很���有人知道她。这也许和她对声望不予理会有兟뀂“我不是什么名人，�l�对不是�Q�”她�q�样写道�Q�“我需要的只是�l�画。”文章强调她只关心绘画，不关心自��q��名望�Q�这是她不是很出名的主要原因。因此，C为正���答案。A和D都是她的一些行为，�q�些行�ؓ归根�l�底的原因还是在于C选项提及的内宏V��而B选项昑־�夸口很大�Q�显然不�W�合她的低调风格�?/p>

　　5. We can infer from the passage that the most outstanding characteristics of Schjerfbeck’s paintings is_____5.从文章可以推断出Schejerfbeck作品最显著的特�Ҏ(gu��)��_____

　　[A] her vivid characterization of common people.[A] 她对于普通�h的生动刻甅R�?/p>

　　[B] her capture of the characters�?soul.[B] �Ҏ(gu��)��住了人物的灵���?/p>

　　[C] the melancholy expression of the characters.[C] 人物忧郁的表情�?/p>

　　[D] her unconscious sense of some mysterious elements.[D] �Ҏ(gu��)��意识��C��用了一些神�U�因素�?/p>

　　[�{�案] B

　　[隑ֺ��p�L��] ☆☆�?/p>

　　[分析] 推理题。关于Schejerfbeck作品的特点，文章�q�没有直接提及，但是可以从字里行间判断出来。Schejerfbeck的作品主要是人物�Q�在最后一�D�中提到她�ؓ了把握�h物灵��深处，�q�用了各�U�手�D�，可见�Q�她作品的主要特点在于她对�h物灵��的把握�Q�答案B正确。A和C都是她画作的一些表面特点，而其最�Ҏ(gu��)��特点�q�是在于抓住了�h物的灵魂。D选项的表�q�虽然也是特点之一�Q�但是也�q�是为B选项服务的�?/p>

　　参考译�?

　　Helene Schjerfbeck那些让�h不易忘怀的画在这�ơ��E展最后的展出���会�l��h带来许多惊喜�Q�而其实这�ơ��E展已�l�吸引了汉堡和�v牙成千上万的游客。日��x��世界之外很少会有����������位于1946�q�去世的芬兰艺术家的作品来，但更多的人应该认出她的作品。在�q?20�q�作品中�?0�q�是她的自画像，�q�是�Ҏ(gu��)��有创作的自画像的一半。第一副创作于1880�q�_��是��望吸收一切的一个大眼睛���女�Q�而最后一�q�是艺术家即���成为鬼��的一�q�，而她正是在这�q�作品创作完毕后的那�q�去世的。这个系列是最生动、最完美的自��d��之一�?/p>

　　Schjerfbeck���年���富有天赋，11岁就�q�入了芬兰艺术协会的�l�画学校。“雪中受伤的战士”是一�q�历史画�Q�由一位私人收藏家买走�Q�这使得她在17岁就赢得了可以环游整个国家的资金。她在巴黎学习，后来又到不列塔尼的Pont-Aven�Q�在那里她画了一�q�_��随后又去了托斯卡�U�_��、康沃尔和圣彼得堡�?887�q�访问康沃尔的圣艑֤�斯期��_��她创作了“正在康复的病�h”——裹着一条毯子的一个小孩靠着一把大��x��椅坐着�Q�手里玩着一个小树枝。这�q�作品在1889�q�巴黎世界展览上赢得了铜牌，�q�被芬兰艺术协会买走。在��C��人看来这�q�画仿佛(j��ng)是感伤的�Q�只有孩子有点发呆、忧郁的表情���是一点缓和。这可能是Schjerfbeck���时候的�l�历触发而创作的。她4岁时从楼梯上摔了下来�Q�后来再没有痊愈�q��?/p>

　　1890�q�_��Schjerfbeck在芬兰定居。她厌烦了教学生涯，她不喜欢其他当地��d��的作品，而后来当她开始照��֥�母亲(�z�d��1923�q?时就变得更孤立了。“如果我允许自己选择了一�U�隐居地生活”她写道�Q�“那是因��Z��情只能这栗����?902�q�_��Schjerfbeck和她母亲定居在工业小镇Hyvinkaa�Q�在赫尔辛基北面50公里的地斏V�?/p>

　　不过与世隔绝倒是有一�U�理想的效果�Q�因为就是在那里Schjerfbeck转变��Z��名现代画家。依旧，她画了许多静止的生命和景物，但最重要的是��M��奚w��忧�?zh��n)�、尖�ȝ��母亲�Q�还有当��C��学的奛_��、小镇上的女工�h(其中一位穿黑衣的、沉思的、具有贵族气质的奌����~�师的侧面像最为突�?。当然她�q�画了自己。�h们将她的��d��James McNeill Whistler、Edward Munch的做�Ҏ(gu��)���Q�但�?905�q�开始，她的作品变成�U���a的Schjerfbeck风格�Q?/p>

　　“我一直在��L��灵魂的最深处�Q�但是它们还是没有找到自己，”她�q�样写道�Q�“哪里有无意识的东西�Q�哪里们���有最伟大的发现。”她���试着使用了不同的��d���Ԍ��刮了�Q�擦了，��d��了明亮的玫瑰�U�点;她做了一切自��p��做的��L��捉潜意识——她自己的，�q�有她的那些模特的�?913�q�_��Schjerfbeck被一位艺术商人兼记者Gosta Stenman重新发现。这一�ơ她又成功了。作品回��ֱ�、��E回展出，接着是一部传讎ͼ�但是在斯堪的�U�维亚半岛之外很���有人知道她。这也许和她对声望不予理会有兟뀂“我不是什么名人，�l�对不是�Q�”她�q�样写道�Q�“我需要的只是�l�画。�?Schjerfbeck有独特的眼光�Q�现在是全世界该认识她的时候了�?/p>