2010考研法碩英語沖刺樣題及答案細(xì)解（二）

　　Passage Four

　　Scientists have found a way to use hair to figure out where a person is from and where that person has been. The finding could help solve crimes, among other useful applications.

　　Water is central to the new technique. Our bodies break water down into its parts: hydrogen and oxygen. Atoms of these two elements end up in our tissues and hair.

　　But not all water is the same. Hydrogen and oxygen atoms can vary in how much they weigh. Different forms of a single element are called isotopes. And depending on where you live, tap Water contains unique proportions of the heavier and lighter isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen.

　　Might hair record these watery quirks? That's what James R. Ehleringer, an environmental scientist at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, wondered.

　　To find out, he and his colleagues collected hair from barbers and hair stylists in 65 cities in 18 states across the United States. The researchers assumed that the hair they collected came from people who lived in the area.

　　Even though people drink a lot of bottled water these days, the scientists found that hair overwhelmingly reflected the concentrations of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in local tap water. That's probably because people usually cook their food in the local water. What's more, most of the other liquids people drink including milk and soft drinks contain large amounts of water that also come from sources within their region.

　　Scientists already knew how the composition of water varies throughout the country. Ehleringer and colleagues combined that information with their results to predict the composition of hair in people from different regions. One hair sample used in Ehleringer's study came from a man who had recently moved from Beijing, China, to Salt Lake City. As his hair grew, it reflected his change in location.

　　The new technique can't point to exactly where a person is from, because similar types of water appear in different regions that span a broad area. But authorities can now use the information to analyze hair samples from criminals or crime victims and narrow their search for clues.

　　46. What does the writer say about tap water? Which of the following is NOT correct?

　　A. Tap water reflects the concentrations of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in different regions.

　　B. Tap water is a kind of soft drink in the United States.

　　C. Tap water contains unique proportions of isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen.

　　D. Tap water is used to cook food.

　　47. James R. Ehleringer tried to find out _____.

　　A. if our bodies break water down into its parts

　　B. if it is possible to collect hair samples across the country

　　C. if tap water contains unique proportions of isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen

　　D. if the composition of hair can indicate exactly where people are from

　　48. Which of the following statements is meant by the writer?

　　A. Ehleringer was successful in his research.

　　B. Ehleringer failed in his research.

　　C. Ehleringer can be a successful detective.

　　D. Ehleringer's research proved successful in China.

　　49. What does the last paragraph tell you?

　　A. The new technique can tell precisely where a person lives.

　　B. Water supplied in different regions all comes from the same source.

　　C. Types of water used in different regions provide useful information for the police.

　　D. Hair samples provide the most important clues to identify crimes.

　　50. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the title?

　　A. Human hair may help detectives to solve crimes.

　　B. Animal hair may help detectives to solve crimes.

　　C. Detectives watch hairy criminals closely.

　　D. Most detectives are hair specialists.

　　Part IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)

　　Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

　　More than forty thousand readers told us that they looked for in close friendships, what they expected __51__ friends, what they were willing to give in __52__, and how satisfied they were with the quality of their friendships. The results give little comfort to social critics.

　　Friendship __53__ to be a unique form of human bonding. Unlike marriage or the ties that __54__ parents and children, it is not defined or regulated by law. Unlike other social roles that we are expected to __55__-as citizens, employees, members of professional societies and other organizations-it has its own principle, which is to promote __56__ of warmth, trust, love, and affection between two people.

　　The survey on friendship appeared in the March issue of Psychology Today. The findings __57__ that issues of trust and betrayal (背叛) are central to friendship. They also suggest that our readers do not __58__ for friends only among those who are most like them, but find many __59__ differ in race, religion, and ethnic (種族的) background. Arguably the most important conclusion that emerges from the data, __60__, is not something that we found-but what we did not.

　　51. A. on B. of C to D. for

　　52. A. addition B. reply C. turn D. return

　　53. A. feels B. leads C. sounds D. appears

　　54. A. bind B. attach C. control D. attract

　　55. A. keep B. do C. show D. play

　　56. A. friendship B. interests C. feelings D. impressions

　　57. A. secure B. assure C. confirm D. resolve

　　58. A. ask B. call C. appeal D. look

　　59. A. people B. who C. what D. friends

　　60. A. moreover B. however C. still D. yet

　　Paper Two

　　Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)

　　Directions：Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　Coffee is one of the world's most widely-enjoyed beverages. Flavor aside, scientists have recognized it as a complex blend of chemical compounds with potential health effects, both good and bad. Now, new research suggests that if you drink enough coffee, it might help you avoid certain kinds of cancer.

　　Those studies - in Europe and the United States - found that people who drank a lot of coffee were less likely to develop cancers of the mouth and throat.

　　"We saw a protective effect for drinking more than 4 cups of coffee per day," the researchers said. "This was the 40 percent decrease in risk. We did not observe an association for drinking three cups or less per day."

　　"There are a few chemicals that are known to be antioxidants in coffee. So we are thinking perhaps those compounds are playing some sort of protective role against several cancers." If those compounds can be isolated, maybe someday you'll be able to take an anti-cancer pill, but for us coffee lovers, the answer may just be another refill.

　　Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)

　　Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words about the title "Cyber Crime". You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below.

　　1. 現(xiàn)如今，網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪的形式都有哪些?

　　2. 為什么會出現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪的形式?

　　3. 如何打擊這種犯罪形式?

　　模擬試題一參考答案與解析

　　Paper One

　　Part I Dialogue (15 minutes, 15 points)

　　Section A Dialogue Completion

　　1. C。前半句否定，后半句肯定的反義疑問句在回答的時候，要根據(jù)事實回答。例如：They don't work hard, do they? Yes, they do. 不，他們工作努力。No, they don't. 對，他們工作不努力。從B的回答可以看出，B也認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)有問題，所以首先排除A、D兩項。B項"是的，新聞是靠不住的。"屬于前后矛盾的選項，故答案為 C。

　　2. A。通過"not really."這一回答可以看出，B的話語是一般疑問句，通過這一點可以排除C、D兩項;B項和D項的回答都很不禮貌。故答案為A。

　　3. B。B、C、D三項都回答了問話，但C項不禮貌，直截了當(dāng)?shù)鼐芙^，回答得太粗暴。D項的語氣不太好，不太謙虛，所以不選。A項沒有明確回答問題。故答案為B。

　　4. B。意思是"不。讓他稍后再打電話過來。"A項過于委婉，老板對員工不必用這種比較客氣的語氣。故答案為B。

　　5. B。意思是"好的，你建議咱們做什么呢?"。A項是對"Do you mind …"的回答;C，D兩項都沒有對他人的建議做出是與否、同意或不同意的直接回答。故答案為B。

　　Section B Dialogue Comprehension

　　6. A。gone as smooth as clockwork(成語)象鐘表一樣平平穩(wěn)穩(wěn)，表示事情一切進(jìn)展順利，沒有什么障礙和難度。四個選項中只有A項符合題意。

　　7. B。get one's mind stretched是"開闊眼界"的意思。所以選項B與其相符，故答案為B。

　　8. D。So what?的意思是"那又怎么樣呢?"，由此可見該男士對遲到之事根本就不在乎，故答案為D。

　　9. D。It leaves something to be desired意思是"還有一些不盡人意之處"，故答案為D，"沒有達(dá)到預(yù)期標(biāo)準(zhǔn)"，兩者句意相近。故答案為D。

　　10. B。out of this world是固定用法，意思是"好極了!世間少有!"，故答案為B。

　　Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes 10 points)

　　11. B。adopt 采取，采用;acquire 獲得，取得;accumulate 積累，積攢;assemble 聚集，集合，裝配。獲得某種技能用acquire the skill表達(dá)，故答案為B。

　　12. A。起訴 accuse 常跟介詞of;charge 起訴，指控常跟介詞for搭配;scold 斥責(zé)，責(zé)罵，常跟介詞for;curse詛咒，咒罵。從句意和橫先后的介詞of可以判斷出此題選A。

　　13. C。本題考查固定搭配，find fault with sb. 找某人的茬兒。故答案為C。

　　14. A。insight 洞察力;imagination 想象力;fancy 想像力，幻想;outlook 觀點，前景。provide insight into sth. 看透……，深入剖析……。故答案為A。

　　15. D。expose揭露，使暴露;exhaust耗盡，使衰竭;exhibit陳列，展覽;exploit利用，開拓，開采，開發(fā)。故答案為D。

　　16. A。set back推遲，延緩;set off 出發(fā)，解脫;set out出發(fā);set aside留出，撥出，拒絕。雨水推遲了收成，故選set back。

　　17. D。regulate 管理，調(diào)整，控制;halt 停止，中止;interrupt 打擾，打斷;combat戰(zhàn)斗，打斗。故答案為D。

　　18. A。固定搭配，have access to可以到達(dá)，可以使用。其它幾個詞均無此搭配。故答案為A。

　　19. B。ensure 保證，確保;guarantee 保證，擔(dān)保;assume 假定，設(shè)想，承擔(dān);confirm 確定，批準(zhǔn)。ensure和guarantee 都有"保證"的意思，前者指"使某行為或某件事的結(jié)果得以保證，即確保某事發(fā)生"，后者更強調(diào)"對人的行為及履行義務(wù)、義務(wù)等承擔(dān)責(zé)任的保證;對事物、商 品等無質(zhì)量;性能等方面的欺詐行為做出保證"。故答案為B。

　　20. A。skim 略讀，略過;observe 觀察，遵守;overlook 俯瞰，遠(yuǎn)眺，忽略;glance 掃視，匆匆一看。沒有時間逐字閱讀，只能是略讀了，故答案為A。

　　21. D。當(dāng)時間狀語時by + 將來時間點時，主句時態(tài)用將來完成時。

　　22. A。本題考查定語從句，句中定語從句沒有先行詞，當(dāng)先行詞選擇all時，引導(dǎo)詞只能使用that。all that = what，故答案為A。

　　23. D。in that 由于、因為;so long as 只要;in case 如果，萬一;for fear that 以免，唯恐。分析句意可知選D。

　　24. D。要做出這個題目，需要判斷l(xiāng)ose和Anna之間的關(guān)系，是主謂還是動賓。分析可知應(yīng)為被迷失，所以選用過去分詞。be lost of the world 對周圍的事毫無感覺。

　　25. B。此題目考察非謂語動詞，逗號前是一個完整的句子，主謂賓齊全，因此逗號后面不能再出現(xiàn)謂語，排除A項there be的非謂形式可以是there being，也可以是there to be，前者表示 已經(jīng)有，后者表示將有。從句子時態(tài)可以看出，應(yīng)選擇being。

　　26. D。本題考核連詞的用法。本句主句為 it，代替后面的主語從句。根據(jù)句意，空白處應(yīng)填入一個能引導(dǎo)主語從句作為實義主語的連詞，因此正確答案為D。全句意為：你和你室友的要求完全相同，這是 怎么回事?How is/was it that從句?是一個固定句型，表示……是怎么回事?

　　27. A。本題考查特殊句式。根據(jù)句子含義，用到了讓步狀語從句，as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，要用部分倒裝，將表語或狀語提前。

　　28. C。be relevant to 形容詞短語，表示與……有關(guān)。故答案為C。

　　29. B。even though 盡管，表轉(zhuǎn)折;as though 似乎;even as 當(dāng)，恰恰在…的時候;now that 既然，由于。分析句意可知，正確答案為as though。

　　30. A。lest的意思是唯恐，以免，免得。它是連詞。所連接的狀語從句里常用should或原形動詞，lest should 表示"以免;生怕;唯恐"。

　　Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)

　　Passage One

　　31. D。答案可以從第二段的第一句話中找到。第一句話是這么說的：大多數(shù)學(xué)生頭頭并不想在它們不感興趣的事上花大量的時間。

　　32. C。答案可以從第三段找到。第三段是這么說的：威斯康星大學(xué)學(xué)生組織辦公室主任Yvonne Fangmeyer在二月組織了一次學(xué)生參加校園組織的調(diào)查。她說，尋求友誼是最經(jīng)常列舉的理由。

　　33. B。第五段講到了Katie Rowley。"a Wisconsin senior"是"威斯康星四年級學(xué)生"。

　　34. A。答案可以從倒數(shù)第二段找到。第一句話是這么說的：但是，如果沒有激情(passion)，學(xué)生頭頭試圖經(jīng)受急風(fēng)暴雨的考驗是會有困難的。

　　35. C。"fatten up"原義是"使人或動物變肥"，在這里可以解釋為使一個人的履歷更充實一些，因此也好看一些。因此意思上最接近的是"polish"(潤色)。

　　Passage Two

　　36. C。答案在第一段。該段是這么說的：根據(jù)美國之音的報道，澳大利亞的外語技能在滑坡。新的數(shù)字表明，只有13%的高中畢業(yè)生能說一種外語，而四十年前是40%。

　　37. A。文章第二段中提到，Australia's economic boom, which is driven by red-hot demand for its minerals, is helping mask serious deficiencies in its language skills，由此可以推出，足夠的礦物質(zhì)供掩蓋了外語能力的匱乏。故答案為A。

　　38. D。答案在第三段的一句話中，這句話是這么說的：Dilip Dutta, from the economics and business faculty at Sydney University, says language skills Can enhance trading opportunities. 悉尼大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)和商務(wù)系的Dilip Dutta說道，語言技能可以增加就業(yè)機會。

　　39. B。最后一段的第一句話是這么說的：目前，澳大利亞主要的出口貨物的70%流向了亞洲，因此澳大利亞政府熱心于發(fā)展與亞洲的經(jīng)濟(jì)和外交聯(lián)系。

　　40. D。"department"也是"系"。

　　Passage Three

　　41. B。從短文的第一段可以得知，昏迷病人的家屬時常以為病人能動了，但大多數(shù)情況下，這只是他們的愿望思維，病人并沒有真正有意識地在動。

　　42. B。短文的第二段明確交代，病人在此前的日子里基本上處于一動不動狀態(tài)。

　　43. B。短文的第三段的頭一句話表明，作者開始基本上不相信病人家屬所說的話。

　　44. D。頭三項在短文的最后兩段都被提到，因此答案只能選D。

　　45. A。從上下文不難看出，作者之所以差點摔倒是因為她簡直難以相信自己的眼睛，之前她還從未見過昏迷病人醒過來。

　　Passage Four

　　46. B。第三段和第六段談到tap water。A、C、D均是文中提到的內(nèi)容。B是錯誤的，因為文章第六段說，我們飲用的牛奶和軟飲料都含有大量水分，而沒有說tap water是軟飲料。

　　47. C。第四段的問句針對第三段的內(nèi)容。these watery quirks指的是上段中的unique proportions of the heavier and lighter isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen。所以C是正確答案。

　　48. A。第六段和第七段提供了答案?？茖W(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)頭發(fā)能反映出當(dāng)?shù)刈詠硭袣洹⒀跬凰氐暮?科學(xué)家也已經(jīng)研究出不同地區(qū)水成分是不同的，并且在此基礎(chǔ)上來確定來自不同地區(qū)的人的頭發(fā)成分。

　　49. C。選項A、B、D與原文均有出入。盡管在一個較大的范圍內(nèi)，人們使用成分較為相同的水，但是水的成分組成提供的信息可以幫助官方縮小破案線索范圍。

　　50. A。題目的意思是：人的頭發(fā)可以幫助偵探破案。

　　Part IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)

　　51. B。此題考查介詞用法。expect sth. of sth.表示從……上期望獲得……。因此，選擇of。

　　52. D。此題考查介詞詞組固定搭配。in return表示"以……作為回報"。從友誼中索取，自然同時要給予回報。

　　53. D。此題考查固定搭配。appear to be表示"似乎";lead to表示"導(dǎo)致……的結(jié)果"，其他幾個選項無此搭配。所以，選擇appear符合題意。

　　54. A。此題考查詞匯。ties能發(fā)出的動作是bind(綁定)，故選A。其他選項的意思分別是：B附著，聯(lián)系;C控制;D吸引。

　　55. D。此處考查固定搭配。play the role of表示"扮演……的角色"。因此，選play。

　　56. C。后文提到的warmth(溫暖)、trust(信任)、love(愛)和affection(溫情)都是feeling(感覺、感受)。因此，選擇feelings。

　　57. C。此題考查詞義辨析。四個選項意思分別是：A使……安全;B使確定;C確認(rèn);D解決。從文意可判斷，選擇C。B的用法一般是：assure sb. of sth.或assure sb. that。

　　58. D。此題考查固定搭配look for(尋找)。來源：考試大的美女編輯們

　　59. B。這里考查定語從句的關(guān)系代詞。要做對此題，關(guān)鍵是對many的理解。此處，many是名詞，指代"很多人"，后跟一定語從句，指人的關(guān)系代詞則為who。譯文為：讀者找朋友的范圍不僅局限于和自己很像的人，而且還包括不同膚色、宗教和種族背景的人。

　　60. B。這里考查上下文銜接。譯文為：從數(shù)據(jù)中得出的最重要的結(jié)論不是我們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)的，而是我們尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)的。這和前文形成意義上的轉(zhuǎn)折，選擇however。

　　Paper Two

　　Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)

　　咖啡是世界上最受人喜愛的飲料之一。姑且不論它的味道，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)知道咖啡里含有多種對健康具有潛在影響的化學(xué)成分，其中有好的、也有壞的影響。一項新的研究指出，如果你飲用足夠量的咖啡，可能有助于避免某些癌癥。

　　分別在歐洲和美國進(jìn)行的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，飲用大量咖啡的人罹患口腔和喉頭癌的風(fēng)險較低。

　　研究人員說："我們發(fā)現(xiàn)每天喝4杯以上的咖啡，會產(chǎn)生預(yù)防效果，將風(fēng)險降低百分之40。我們沒有在每天喝3杯或不到3杯咖啡的人身上看到這種效果。"

　　"我們已經(jīng)知道，咖啡里有一些抗氧化的化學(xué)成分。因此我們想，也許是這些物質(zhì)對預(yù)防某些癌癥發(fā)揮了作用。"如果這些物質(zhì)能夠被分離出來，也許有一天，我們就能有治療癌癥的藥可用了。但是對咖啡愛好者來說，答案是再來一杯咖啡。

　　Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)