翻譯碩士考研必備：MTI翻譯基礎(chǔ)短語翻譯（三）

復(fù)習(xí)緊張，焦頭爛額？逆風(fēng)輕襲，來跨考秋季集訓(xùn)營，幫你尋方法，定方案！ 了解一下>>

改革開放 
reform and opening-up; reform and opening to the outside world 

改革開放的總設(shè)計師  
chief architect of the reform and opening up policy 

改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè) 
reform and opening and in the modernization drive 

改革試點 
pilot reform; reform experimentation; pilot restructuring enterprise 

蓋洛普民意調(diào)查 Gallup Poll 

蓋帽了 
great; excellent; wonderful 

改名潮 
name-change boom. (Taiwan has seen a name-change boom amid the current economic crunch, local media reported Monday. 據(jù)臺灣媒體23日報道，經(jīng)濟不景氣，當?shù)厝俗罱d起"改名潮"以求轉(zhuǎn)運。) 

概念車 
concept car

概念商品 
concept goods  


改善農(nóng)民進城就業(yè)環(huán)境 
improve the employment environment for rural workers in cities 

改善農(nóng)牧民生產(chǎn)生活條件 
improve the living and production conditions of farmers and herdsmen 

改善缺醫(yī)少藥的狀況 
alleviate the shortage of medical services and medicines

改制上市 
(of an enterprise)get listed on the stock market after being re-organized according the modern corporate system  


改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的全過程 
the entire process of reform, opening-up and modernization 

干部隊伍革命化、年輕化、知識化、專業(yè)化 
make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary, younger in average age, better educated and professionally more competent  

干部下放 
arrange for cadres to go to work at grassroots units or participate in physical labor  

感到不妙 I smell a rat.  


尷尬，困境，糟糕 pretty pass  

甘居下游 
be resigned to backwardness  

感情投資 
investment in human relationships 

趕時髦 
follow the fashion; want to be in the swim of things

干細胞  stem cell  

感謝款待的信 
a bread and butter letter (a letter sent as thanks for being treated well as someone's guest)  

干預(yù) 
intervene (China will impose severe penalties on officials who intervene in government statistical work and manipulate or fake data, said a draft law revision submitted to the top legislature Monday. 全國人大常委會22日審議統(tǒng)計法修訂草案，草案規(guī)定領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部如干預(yù)統(tǒng)計工作，自行修改統(tǒng)計資料或要求統(tǒng)計機構(gòu)、人員偽造統(tǒng)計資料等，將受嚴厲懲罰。) 

趕超先進  
surpass the advanced 

港澳臺 
Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan  

港人治港 
Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong

崗位津貼 
post allowance 

崗位培訓(xùn) 
on-the-job training   

崗位責(zé)任制  
work post responsibility 

港務(wù)局  
port office; harbor authority  

高保真音樂 hi-fi music 

高材生 top student 


高層次、全方位的對話 
high-level and all-directional dialogue  

高產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì) 
high yield and high quality  

告吹 
fizzle out; fall through; fail 

高檔食品 
upmarket food (Recently, the owner of CP Lotus and Super Brand Mall announced the launch of its first upmarket food retail brand, Bazaar by Lotus, in Shanghai's Xintiandi, the fashion hub and one of the most famous locations in the city. 近日，卜蜂蓮花和正大廣場宣布在上海新天地創(chuàng)立首個高檔食品零售品牌――Bazaar by Lotus（蓮花集市）。新天地是上海的時尚中心，也是上海最著名的景點之一。) 

高等教育“211工程”  
the “211” Project for higher education  

高等教育自學(xué)考試  
self-study higher education examination 

高度自治 
high degree of autonomy  

高端產(chǎn)品 
high-end product 

高發(fā)季節(jié) 
high-occurrence season (Li noted that autumns and winters werehigh-occurrence 
seasons for the flu, and urged the authorities to improve disease prevention and treatment in order to stop the disease from fast spreading across the country. 李指出，秋冬季是流感的高發(fā)季節(jié)，他敦促權(quán)威部門改進疾病防御和治療能力，阻止疾病在全國迅速傳播。) 

高發(fā)期 
high-incidence season 

高分低能  
high scores and low abilities 

高峰  
peak time  

高峰論壇 
summit forum  

高干 
high-ranking official; senior cadre 

高杠桿交易機構(gòu) 
highly-leveraged institutions(HLI)  

高跟鞋賽跑 
High heel running (Julia Plecher, an 18-year-old girl from Berlin, outsprinted 99 rivals to won the city’s 100m high heel running. 18歲來自的朱莉婭?普萊榭淘汰了99名選手贏得了該城市的高跟鞋賽跑冠軍。) 

高官會 
Senior Officials Meeting (SOM)  

搞花架子 
do something superficial 

搞活國營大中型企業(yè) 
invigorate large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 

告急 
be in an emergency; report an emergency; ask for emergency help 

高級報紙/嚴肅報紙 quality paper  

高級檢察官 
senior public procurator 

高級經(jīng)理人員 
high-level managerial personnel; senior personnel 

高級商務(wù)師 
certified business executive; senior business engineer; high-level economist; senior commercialist  

高級設(shè)備 
sophisticated equipment  

高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)化 
apply high technology to production  

高架公路 
elevated highway; overhead road  

高架輕軌 
elevated railway 

高姐 
high-speed train attendant (High-speed train attendants ready for service: The crew on the rail route were selected from numerous applicants and have undergone rigorous training. “高鐵”開通在即，“高姐”整裝待命：高鐵線路上的乘務(wù)員都是從無數(shù)應(yīng)聘者中海選出來的，而且已經(jīng)經(jīng)過了嚴格訓(xùn)練。) 


高精尖技術(shù) 
high-grade, high-precision, advanced technology 


高舉鄧小平理論偉大旗幟，全面貫徹“三個代表”重要思想 
hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of "Three Represents" 

高考  
college (or university) entrance examination  

高考保姆 
gaokao nanny (In Beijing, gaokao nannies are paid by the day, 300 yuan on average, according to a Beijing domestic service company named Coleclub. 一家叫嘉樂會的北京家政服務(wù)公司說，在北京，高考保姆是按日計酬的，平均一天300元。) 

高考狀元 
top scorer (The University of Hong Kong (HKU) Thursday decided not to accept He Chuanyang, Chongqing's top liberal arts scorer who illegally changed his ethnic 
background for extra points in the national college entrance exam, after Peking University rejected him earlier.繼北大放棄錄取重慶民族身份造假高考文科狀元何川洋后，香港大學(xué)2日也正式?jīng)Q定不予錄取。) 

高科技板塊 
high-tech sector  

高科技作弊 
hi-tech cheating (China targets hi-tech cheating before Gaokao exam: As millions of 
Chinese students are doing some last-minute cramming for the upcoming national college entrance examinations, authorities have launched a crackdown on sales of high-tech devices that might be used to cheat on the tests. 我國在高考前嚴打高科技作弊：數(shù)百萬考生在為即將到來的高考進行最后的沖刺，而政府部門已開展了一項打擊售賣高科技高考作弊工具的行動。) 

高齡津貼 
old age allowance (Residents older than 80 will get a unified old age allowance across China, a move indicating the government aims to end different allowance policies toward the elderly in different regions, the China Economic Weekly reported Tuesday. 《中國經(jīng)濟周刊》周二報道說，全國80歲以上的居民將享受統(tǒng)一的高齡津貼。政府此舉旨在結(jié)束各地區(qū)高齡津貼政策不一致的狀況。) 

高難度動作 stunner, stunt  

高清晰度 
high definition  

高清晰度電視 high definition TV 

高手 
master hand, expert

(精通電腦和網(wǎng)絡(luò)的)高手 geek 

高危人群 
high-risk group

高溫死亡  
heat death (The prolonged extreme weather has baked many regions in the country since July, with the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, Shandong and Shaanxi provinces and Chongqing municipality reporting the highest number of weather-related deaths. 自七月份以來我國的許多地區(qū)都出現(xiàn)了持續(xù)的極端炎熱天氣，內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)、山東省、陜西省和重慶市成為高溫死亡報告最多的地區(qū)。) 

高消費 
high consumption 

高效節(jié)能 
energy-efficient 


高校擴招后首批畢業(yè)生 
college graduates who were the first to be enrolled under the college expansion of 1999 

高校擴招計劃 
college expansion plan 

告小狀 
secretly report on somebody; rat on somebody 

高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)開發(fā)區(qū) 
high-tech industrial development zone  

高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)化 
industrial application of new and high technologies 

高壓手段 
high-pressure tactics 

高原反應(yīng),高山反應(yīng) 
altitude stress; altitude sickness  

高知 
high-level intellectual 

高指標 high target 

高職院校 
higher vocational school (China's higher vocational schools enroll more than 3 million students annually-- China currently has about 1,184 schools of higher vocational education, which enroll more than 3.1 million students annually, Vice Minister of 
Education Lu Xin said. 中國高職院校每年招收300多生――教育部副部長魯昕說，中國目前有約1184所高職教育機構(gòu)，每年招收學(xué)生310多萬。) 

高檔公寓 
high-end flat (A group of 53 rich people from Yuncheng, Shanxi, arrived in Beijing Saturday on a charter flight to buy houses, the first of its kind in China. The group, 
consisting of private company bosses, coal mine owners and professors, target villas and high-end flats priced at RMB3m-10m and have ordered 3 villas after they visited the first site. 周六，由53名私企老板、煤礦主和大學(xué)教授等組成的山西運城購房團包機抵京，將集中選購300萬-1000萬元的別墅和高檔公寓。據(jù)了解，包專機進京團購房屋在全國尚屬首次。購房團在看完第一個樓盤后，就預(yù)訂了3套別墅。) 

高凈值 
high net worth (In Britain, the number of women of "high net worth" status (classified as those with onshore liquid assets of more than ￡200,000) overtook men in 2005 - with 448,100 rich women compared to 429,300 men.) 

高考移民 
NCEE migrant (The term 'NCEE migrant' refers to students who covertly leave their hometowns and immigrate to other places a few days before the NCEE in order to get bonus points or be in a less competitive environment. When found out, they are penalized for undermining the fairness of the NCEE. "高考移民"是指基于獲取加分和規(guī)避競爭等目的，高考前從就學(xué)地點遷往其它地點報名參加考試的學(xué)生，這些人因破壞高考的公平性，成績往往不被認可。) 

高清晰度的衛(wèi)星圖片  
high-resolution satellite photo 

高素質(zhì)新型軍事人才 
high- caliber military personnel 

高溫濕熱 
hot and humid (Beijing's hot and humid weather should not be an excuse for any athletes on competition results, representative from German delegation said Tuesday. 德國代表團的相關(guān)人士5日表示，北京的高溫濕熱天氣不應(yīng)成為運動員奧運成績的借口。)

高溫預(yù)警 
high temperature alert (The orange high temperature alert was issued Monday in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi and Shanghai, predicting scorching temperatures above 35℃ from Monday to Wednesday. 浙江、江蘇、安徽、江西和上海周一發(fā)布了橙色高溫預(yù)警，預(yù)計周一到周三將出現(xiàn)35℃以上高溫。) 
高壓線 
high-voltage wire (A 15 year-old teenager in Chongqing was electrocuted when he tried to steal some high-voltage wire with a kitchen knife. 近日，重慶一名15歲的少年拿著菜刀去偷高壓線時，被當場電死。) 

高致病性禽流感 
highly pathogenic bird flu 

個案 
individual case (involving special circumstances) 

各大菜系 
major styles of cooking  

個股 
individual share 

各行各業(yè) 
every walk of life  

隔行掃描 
interlacing scan 

各盡所能 
let each person do his best; from each according to his ability  

各就各位 
On your marks! 

隔離病房 
isolation ward 

(公路）隔離帶 median strip  

格列佛游記 
Gulliver's Travels  

革命老區(qū) 
old revolutionary base areas 

革命氣派 
revolutionary mettle 

革命傷殘軍人 
disabled revolutionary servicemen 

鴿派 
dove faction 

擱淺 
run aground (A navy frigate that ran aground in the waters off China's Nansha Islands was refloated with the help of the navy's rescue force on Sunday. 周日，在南沙群島附近海域擱淺的一艘海軍護衛(wèi)艦在救援兵力協(xié)助下脫淺。) 

個人成就感 
sense of personal achievement 

個人儲蓄賬戶 
personal savings account (按照新的銀行賬戶規(guī)定，結(jié)算功能應(yīng)從個人儲蓄賬戶中分離出去。According to a new bank account regulation, clearing functions shall be separated from personal savings accounts.) 

個人購房貸款 
individual housing loan 

個人結(jié)算賬戶 
personal clearing account 

(開立個人結(jié)算賬戶不會增加儲戶的費用。Opening personal clearing accounts will not mean extra costs for depositors.) 

個人理財計劃 
personal financing plan 

各人民團體 
mass organizations 

個人收入應(yīng)稅申報制度 
the system of the declaration of individual incomes for tax payment  

個人收入調(diào)節(jié)稅  
individual (personal) income regulation tax 

個人數(shù)字助理  
PDA (personal digital assistant)  

個人所得稅  
personal income tax 

個人信用制度 
individual credit rating system 

個人演唱會  solo concert

個人銀行卡賬戶 
personal bank card account (個人銀行卡賬戶將被納入結(jié)算賬戶管理。Personal bank card accounts will start to be treated as clearing accounts.) 

個人質(zhì)押貸款 
personal pledged loan 


各人自掃門前雪， 莫管他人瓦上霜 hoe one's own potatoes  
個體戶，個體經(jīng)營 
privately or individually-owned business 
個體經(jīng)濟 
private economy 

根本政治制度 
fundamental political system  

跟屁蟲 
1.one's shadow; to tag along; 2. flatterer, boot licker, ass-kisser, brown-noser 

跟團旅游 
package tour (I'm going to join a package tour to Spain. 我要跟團去西班牙旅游。) 

跟著感覺走 
go with the flow; follow one's heart; do what one thinks is right 

跟蹤審計 
follow-up auditing  

根除腐敗  
root out corruption; eliminate corruption 

耕地流失 
arable land loss (Analysts believed several major factors contributed to the arable land loss, such as increasing use of arable land for construction purposes, forest or grassland replanting programs as well as damage caused by natural disasters. 分析人士認為導(dǎo)致耕地流失有幾個主要因素，一個是建筑占用耕地現(xiàn)象越來越多，一個是森林或草地返耕項目影響，還有自然災(zāi)害帶來的損毀。) 


更加注重搞好宏觀調(diào)控，更加注重統(tǒng)籌兼顧，更加注重以人為本 
pay more attention to exercising macro-control, balancing the interests of all parties, putting people first. 


更快、更高、更強（奧運精神）  
Citius, Altius, Fortius ( Faster, Higher, Stronger--Olympic Spirit ) 

《更緊密經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的安排》 
CEPA; Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement 

跟腱 
Achilles' tendon (Liu Xiang's injury to his right Achilles' tendon will not affect his career, Feng Shuyong, head coach of the Chinese national track and field team, said Saturday. 中國田徑隊總教練馮樹勇23日說，劉翔右跟腱的傷不會影響到他的運動生涯。) 

個人護理用品 
personal care supplies 

個人信用制度 
individual credit rating system

個人隱私 
individual privacy 

個位數(shù) 
single digit (The growth rate of major textile enterprises' output slowed sharply, to 
single-digit levels in some cases, in the first 7 months of 2008, the China National Textile and Apparel Council said Monday. 中國紡織工業(yè)協(xié)會25日表示，今年前7個月，主要紡織企業(yè)的產(chǎn)量增長率大幅減緩，有些已降至個位數(shù)。) 

各種所有制金融企業(yè) 
financial enterprises of different ownership 

工筆  
traditional Chinese realistic painting 

共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的多黨合作與政治協(xié)商  
multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of Communist Party  

公車私用 
use government cars for private purposes (Officials in Guangzhou will have to pay when they want to use their government cars for private purposes later this year. 今年晚些時候起，廣州市想要公車私用的官員將需要支付一定的費用。) 

工程公司 
engineering company  

工程驗收  
acceptance check of work 

公房商品化  
commercialization of public housing 

公費旅游 
junket; facility trip 

公費醫(yī)療 
free medical service; free medicare; public health service 功夫不負有心人 
Everything comes to him who waits.  
工夫茶 
congou--a kind of Chinese black tea prepared with care 

功夫片 kungfu film 

公告板服務(wù) 
Bulletin Board Service (BBS)  

公共外交 
public diplomacy (China needs a bigger public diplomacy campaign to better present the country to the world, said Zhao Qizheng, spokesman for the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), on Monday. 全國政協(xié)發(fā)言人趙啟正本周一表示，中國需要大力開展公共外交活動，把中國更好地介紹給世界。) 

公共衛(wèi)生設(shè)施 
public health infrastructure 

公關(guān) 
public relations 

攻關(guān) 
tackle a critical point 

攻關(guān)計劃 
the Program for Tackling Key Problems  

公積金 
public accumulation fund; public reserve funds 

公積金上限 
threshold of housing fund (According to the Beijing Housing Accumulation Fund 
Administration Center, the threshold of housing public accumulation funds in 2010 was raised from 2,682 yuan to 2,906 yuan a month. 根據(jù)北京住房公積金管理中心發(fā)布的通知，2010年住房公積金月繳存額上限從2682元調(diào)整為2906元。) 

工間操 
daily workout (Millions of municipal workers in the capital are being asked to take part in 20 minutes of daily workout in a bid to keep them fit, according to a news release of the Beijing Federation of Trade Union (BFTU) reported by the Beijing Times. 據(jù)《京華時報》報道，北京市總工會日前發(fā)布通知，要求數(shù)百萬名機關(guān)、企事業(yè)單位員工每天做20分鐘的工間操以保證身體健康。) 

公檢法機關(guān) 
public security organs, procuratorial organs and people's courts  

公交糾紛調(diào)解車 
dispute mediation bus (A dispute mediation bus, the first of its kind not only in Beijing but the whole of China, fired up its engine for the first time on Tuesday and hit the road to solve problems that flare up on public buses. 我國首輛公交糾紛調(diào)解車本周二首次亮相街頭，駛上道路，解決公交車上的糾紛。) 

公交老人專車 
Senior-only bus ( A senior-only bus catering exclusively to passengers over 70 started to run in Shanghai Wednesday with a promise to make travel safer and more comfortable for seniors.上海市開通"公交老人專車"，專供70歲以上老人乘坐，以提高老年人乘車的安全性和舒適度。) 

公開喊價市場 
open outcry market  

公款吃喝 
recreational activities using public funds  

工齡工資 seniority pay 

公路隧道 
highway tunnel (China begins construction of world's highest highway 
tunnel--Construction of a tunnel that will traverse Trola Mountain in southwestern Sichuan Province began on Wednesday. 中國開始建設(shè)世界最高公路隧道――將橫貫四川省西南部雀兒山的隧道工程周三開工建設(shè)。) 

公民投票 
referendum; plebiscite

功能界別 
Functional Constituencies (Five of the additional 10 seats for the LegCo in 2012 will be returned by Geographical Constituencies (GCs) and the other five by Functional 
Constituencies (FCs). According to the government's proposal, the number of GCs will be retained at five in returning the 35 GC Members. The five new FC seats will form a new District Council (DC) FC. 根據(jù)港府的建議，2012年立法會10個新增議席當中，5席將由地方選區(qū)選舉產(chǎn)生，另外5席由功能界別選舉產(chǎn)生。而35個地方選區(qū)議席將繼續(xù)由5個地方選區(qū)選出；5個新的功能界別議席將會成為新增的區(qū)議會功能界別。) 

公平定價 
arm's-length pricing 

公平合理  
fairness and justifiableness 

工傷  
work-related injuries (According to the revision, the compensation to families of those who die from work-related injuries has been raised to 20 times the per capita disposable annual income in urban areas. 根據(jù)最新修改草案，對工傷死者家屬的賠償金都大幅度提高，調(diào)整為上一年度全國城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入的20倍。) 

工商局 
industrial and commercial bureau  

工商聯(lián)營 
combined management of industry and commerce 

工時 
man-hour 


公司分立與解散 
separation and dissolution of a company  

公私合營 
public-private joint management 

公司債券 
corporate bond 

共同安全  
common security 

共同財產(chǎn) 
mutual property (A controversial section of the draft suggests that once a marriage ends in divorce the pre-marital property is to be recognized as the buyer's personal assets, 
instead of a couple's common wealth. 征求意見稿中一個條款頗具爭議，該條款指出，離婚時婚前房產(chǎn)將被認定為購買者的個人財產(chǎn)，而不是夫妻共同財產(chǎn)。) 

共同富裕  
common prosperity  

共同監(jiān)護權(quán) 
joint custody (The statement indicated that the two will have joint custody of their two sons Lucas and Quintus, but did not disclose any details on how the couple's assets would be divided 聲明表示，兩人（張柏芝、謝霆鋒）將共同承擔兩個兒子盧卡斯和昆塔斯的監(jiān)護權(quán)，但沒有透露任何關(guān)于兩人財產(chǎn)分割的細節(jié)。) 

共同利益 
common interests

公務(wù)用車 
government car (China plans to further reform the use of government cars in an effort to cut unnecessary expenditure and build a green government, officials of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) said. 國家發(fā)展和改革委員會官員稱，國家計劃進一步推進公務(wù)用車的改革，以減少不必要的花費，建設(shè)綠色政府。) 

公務(wù)員 
civil servant 

恭喜發(fā)財 
May you be prosperous!; Wish you prosperity. 
工薪階層 
salaried person/group  

公休 
work recess 

供養(yǎng)資金 funding 

工業(yè)股票 
industrial stock 


工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化水平 
levels of industrialization and urbanization

工業(yè)控制一體化 
integrated industrial control; industrial control of integration  

工業(yè)停滯 
industrial stagnation 

工業(yè)園區(qū) 
industrial park  

公益唱片  
benefit album (The "Hope For Haiti Now" benefit album will debut at No. 1 on the U.S. pop chart on Wednesday, becoming the first digital-only release to achieve this feat in the nearly 54-year history of the Billboard 200. 周三，公益唱片《給海地希望》將以美國流行音樂排行榜冠軍的位置首度亮相。這張唱片是Billboard 200專輯榜54年的歷史上第一張創(chuàng)下如此佳績的數(shù)字專輯。) 

公益廣告 
public-interest ad 

公益廣告 
public service advertising (Chongqing Satellite TV has stopped commercial 
advertisements and will use the airtime to broadcast promotional films and public service announcements, Chongqing Evening News reported on Wednesday. 據(jù)《重慶晚報》本周三報道，重慶衛(wèi)視已停播商業(yè)廣告，將在原有廣告時段播出城市形象宣傳片和公益廣告。) 

公益活動  
public benefit activities 

公益林 
public welfare forest  

公益性文化事業(yè) 
non-profit cultural undertakings 

公證 
notary service 

公證財產(chǎn)  
notarize the properties  

公正、公平、公開  just, fair and open  

公眾投資 
public investments 

工資稅  payroll tax 

工資形成機制 
wage formation mechanism (The report predicted the wage formation mechanism reform that originated from low-end labor market will spread to the high-end market and trigger shifts in income distribution. 該報告預(yù)計由低端勞動力市場開始的工資形成機制改革將會延伸到高端市場并啟動收入分配變革。) 

工資削減 pay-cut 

工資指導(dǎo)線 
salary guideline (Despite signs of economic recovery, millions of workers face wage cuts and freezes under new salary guidelines. 在新的工資指導(dǎo)線標準下，盡管經(jīng)濟有復(fù)蘇的跡象，數(shù)百萬工人仍面臨降薪的局面。) 

工作狂 workaholic 

工作室 studio 

工作午餐 
working lunch