翻譯碩士考研必備：MTI翻譯基礎(chǔ)短語解釋（七）

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貨幣操縱國 
currency manipulator (The country will probably see a "record trade deficit" in March thanks to surging imports, Minister of Commerce Chen Deming said on Sunday, while warning that Beijing will "fight back" if Washington labels China a currency manipulator. 商務(wù)部部長陳德銘周日表示，由于進口的大幅度增長，三月份中國的貿(mào)易逆差可能“破紀錄”，同時他警告說，如果華盛頓方面將中國定義為貨幣操縱國，北京將“予以反擊”。) 

貨幣供應(yīng)量 
measure of money supply (The broad measure of money supply, M2, which covers cash in circulation and all deposits, rose 27.68 percent from a year earlier as of the end of 
December, 9.86 percentage points higher than that at the end of 2008. 廣義貨幣供應(yīng)（即M2）包括流通貨幣以及全部儲蓄存款。截至去年12月底，我國M2供應(yīng)量增長了27.68%，同比增幅達到9.86個百分點。) 

貨幣化 
monetization  

貨幣回籠 
withdrawal of currency from circulation  

貨幣留成制度  
currency retention scheme

貨到付款 
cash on delivery  

貨到付款 
cash on delivery 

活到老，學(xué)到老 
One is never too old to learn.  

火電站  
thermal power plant 

火鍋 hot pot 

火炬計劃 
Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)  

活動板房 
movable plank house / movable house 

火炬手 
torchbearer 

活期存款 
current deposit; current account  

活期存款利率 
demand deposit interest rate 

火星探測器 
Mars exploration rover (China will send its first Mars exploration rover "Yinghuo-1" into space in October next year by a Russian space rocket, according to Chen Changya, deputy designer-in-chief of China's first Mars rover. 中國首個火星探測項目副總設(shè)計師陳昌亞透露，我國首個火星探測器"螢火一號"將于明年10月搭乘俄羅斯的運載火箭飛向火星。) 

基本工資 
basic wages (Over 3000 people recently applied for jobs in a British zoo which only 
temporary and at basic wages. 英國一家動物園日前發(fā)出廣告，招聘臨時工，只發(fā)放基本工資，結(jié)果引來3000多人應(yīng)聘。） 

基本國策 
basic state policy; basic national policy 

基本國情 
fundamental realities of the country  


基本建成覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)、功能完善的疾病預(yù)防控制和醫(yī)療救治體系 
establish a fully functioning system for disease prevention and control and for emergency medical aid that covers both urban andrural areas 

基本路線要管一百年 
The basic line must be followed unswervingly for a very long time to come.  

基本人權(quán) 
fundamental human rights 

基本養(yǎng)老金社會化發(fā)放 
retirees receive their basic pension through social security channels

基本醫(yī)療保險制度 
basic medical insurance system


基本月租費 
basic monthly fee (charges) 

基層工作  
grass-roots work 

基層監(jiān)督  
grass-roots supervision  

基層民主 
democracy at the grassroots level  

基層社區(qū)  
grassroots community (The State Council also encouraged college students to broaden their job search and consider working in grassroots communities, central and western parts of China or SMEs, or start their own business. 國務(wù)院還鼓勵大學(xué)生拓寬就業(yè)渠道，考慮去基層社區(qū)、中西部地區(qū)以及中小企業(yè)就業(yè)，或自主創(chuàng)業(yè)。) 

基層文化建設(shè) 
primary-level cultural undertakings 

基層選舉 
grassroots election (The grassroots election, held every five years, is the lowest and only level of China's electoral process where direct elections are allowed. 每五年舉行一次的基層選舉，是我國選舉過程中最基層、也是唯一進行直接選舉的層面。) 

基層組織 
organizations at the grass-roots level, primary-level organization  

機場建設(shè)費 
airport construction fee  

既成事實 
fait accompli (noun)  

繼承稅 
inheritance tax 

基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè) 
basic industry 

基礎(chǔ)教育  
basic education 

基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè) 
infrastructure construction  

基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施  infrastructure 

基礎(chǔ)稅率  
base tariff level  

記大過 
record a serious demerit 

雞蛋碰石頭 
like an egg striking a rock; attack… stronger than oneself 

既得利益集團 
vested interest groups (To implement the concept will require restricting vested interest groups and effective law enforcement, researchers and legislators said. 研究人員和立法人士均表示，為了踐行這一理念，就需要限制既得利益集團，并促成各項法律的有效實施。) 

基地組織 
al-Qaeda group 

機電產(chǎn)品 
mechanical and electrical products  

機動車行駛證 
road-worthiness certificate (According to the draft law, taxes on vehicles with engines smaller than 2.0 liters, which account for 87 percent of China's cars, will be reduced and vehicle owners should submit tax certificates in order to qualify for a road-worthiness certificate. 根據(jù)草案，2.0升以下小排量車的車船稅將會減少，車主需要提交繳納車船稅證明才能辦機動車行駛證。國內(nèi)87％的車輛為2.0升以下的小排量車。) 

緝毒 
investigate drug smuggling; capture drug smugglers  

(日本銀行主持的)季度短觀調(diào)查報告  Tankan survey 

緝毒隊 
narcotics squad  

極度興奮 
fever pitch (The goal roused the crowd to fever pitch. 這個進球讓現(xiàn)場球迷陷入狂熱。) 

饑餓營銷 
hunger marketing (Though the confrontation outside the Apple store in Sanlitun Village was resolved peacefully, the company's long-term "hunger marketing" strategy has 
sparked questions from inside the industry, International Finance News reported Monday. 據(jù)《國際金融報》周一報道，盡管三里屯蘋果專賣店的沖突事件已經(jīng)平息，但是蘋果公司長期遵循的“饑渴營銷”策略卻受到了行業(yè)內(nèi)的質(zhì)疑。) 

計費方法/ 按秒計費/ 按分計費 
Calculating telephone fees/ per-second calculation/ per-minute calculation  

積分制 
point redemption scheme (The Asian Games volunteer badges are distributed on a basis of a point redemption scheme of volunteering service hours as volunteers can redeem one service hour for one point. Different service responsibilities have different coefficients. When the points reach 100, 200 and 300, volunteers are eligible for a bronze badge, silver badge and gold badge respectively. For higher points of 400, a medal of sun will be 
awarded. 亞運會志愿者徽章的派發(fā)是以志愿時積分制為基礎(chǔ)的。志愿者每服務(wù)1個小時可以換取1分。不同的服務(wù)職責(zé)有不同的系數(shù)。當(dāng)積分達到100、200和300時，志愿者可相應(yīng)獲得銅章、銀章和金章。達到400分時，還可獲得一枚太陽勛章。) 

急功近利 
eager for instant success and quick profits 

技工貿(mào)結(jié)合的科技型企業(yè)  
scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade development  

機構(gòu)重疊 
organizational overlapping 

機構(gòu)改革 
institutional reform; streamlining; institutional restructuring 

機構(gòu)投資者 
institutional investor  

機構(gòu)臃腫 
overstaffing in organizations (government)  

激光唱片 
compact disc; laser record; laser disc 

激光打印機 laser printer 

激光導(dǎo)航 
laser navigation 

激光通信 
laser communication 

計劃單列市 
city specifically designated in the state plan

計劃經(jīng)濟 
planned economy 

計劃內(nèi)招生 
planned enrollment 


新詞新譯  


計劃生育責(zé)任制 
responsibility system of family planning  

機會成本 
opportunity cost 

積極防御 
active defense 

計價器 taximeter 

計件工資制  piece-rate system 

季節(jié)工 
seasonal worker 

季節(jié)性調(diào)價 
seasonal price adjustment 

即開式獎券  
scratch-open ticket； scratch pad 

激勵約束制度  
a system of incentives and disincentives 

激烈競爭 
cut-throat competition  

記名債券 
registered bond 

吉尼斯世界記錄 
Guinness World Records  

紀念封 
commemorative envelope 

即期消費 
immediate consumption 

機器閱卷 
machine scoring 


急人民所急，憂人民所憂 
making the desires and worries of the people one's own  

吉日良辰 
auspicious day 

即溶泳衣 
dissolvable bikini (The dissolvable bikini looks like a real bikini but disappears after just a few seconds in water. 從表面看，這種泳衣和真正的比基尼沒有任何區(qū)別，但入水幾秒鐘后，它卻能被徹底溶解掉。) 

積少成多 
many a little makes a mickle 

寄生效應(yīng) ghost effect 

即食餐 ready meal 

計時工資 hourly wage 

計時工資制 
time-rate wage system 

計時票制 
time fare system 

紀實文學(xué) 
documentary writing  

紀實小說 
documentary fiction 

寄售 
commission sale 

技術(shù)產(chǎn)權(quán)交易所 
technology equity market; technology property right exchange  

技術(shù)成果商品化 
commercialization of technological achievements 

技術(shù)儲備 
technological reserve  

技術(shù)創(chuàng)新 
technological innovation 

技術(shù)改造 
technological transformation

技術(shù)攻關(guān)  
strive to make technological breakthrough 

技術(shù)工人 
technician; skilled worker 

技術(shù)集約企業(yè) 
technology-intensive enterprise 

技術(shù)交底 
technical disclosure 

技術(shù)密集產(chǎn)品 
technology-intensive product  

技術(shù)密集型  
technology-intensive 

技術(shù)下鄉(xiāng) 
spread technological knowledge to farmers  

技術(shù)依托 
technical backstopping  

技術(shù)有償轉(zhuǎn)讓 
transfer of technology with compensation 

集束炸彈 cluster bomb 

技術(shù)職稱 technical title 

技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓 
technology transfer 

集思廣益 
draw on collective wisdom and absorb all useful ideas 

緝私力量 
the forces engaged in the fight against smuggling  

寄宿家庭 
home stay （A home stay provides the opportunity to experience foreign culture while living in a foreign home. 寄宿家庭可以讓你居住在外國人家中感受外國文化。） 

計算機化戰(zhàn)爭 computerized war 

計算機集成制造系統(tǒng) 
computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS) 

計算機輔助教學(xué) 
computer-assisted instruction (CAI) 

計算機輔助學(xué)習(xí) 
computer-aided learning (CAL) 

計算機中央處理器 
central processing unit(CPU)  

計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息中心 
computer network information center 

擠提  bank run 

集體承包 
be contracted to collectives; collective contract 

集體觀念  
groupism; collective spirit 

集體合同 
collective contract (Collective contracts as part of an effective negotiation mechanism between workers and employers will help mitigate labor unrests that have hit parts of the country recently, the All China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU) said on Thursday. 中華全國總工會上周四表示，集體合同作為工人和雇主之間的一種有效協(xié)商機制的一部分，有助于緩解最近中國部分地區(qū)出現(xiàn)的勞資糾紛。) 

集體婚禮 
collective wedding ceremony; group wedding  

集體經(jīng)濟  
collective economy 


集體領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和個人分工負責(zé)相結(jié)合的制度 
system combining collective leadership with individual responsibility 

集體所有制 
collective ownership 

集團消費 
institutional spending 

既往不咎,忘掉舊嫌 
let bygones be bygones  

繼往開來 
continue with the past and open up the future 

紀委 
discipline inspection commission 

雞尾酒療法 
drug cocktail therapy (treatment) 

即席講話 
speak impromptu; make an impromptu speech; off-the-cuff remarks 

極限運動  
extreme sports; X-sports 

吉祥如意 
Everything goes well 

吉祥物 mascot  


繼續(xù)深化國有企業(yè)改革、使企業(yè)真正成為市場競爭的主體 
to deepen SOE reform to enable them to become main players in the market competition; 

積壓產(chǎn)品 
overstocked commodities (inventories)  

積壓航班 
flight backlog (Many European flights took to the skies Tuesday for the first time in days but the travel chaos was far from over: London's airports remained shut, a massive flight 

 
backlog was growing and scientists feared that history could repeat itself with yet another volcanic eruption in Iceland. 上周二，歐洲很多航班在停飛數(shù)天后首度飛上藍天，但交通混亂狀況遠未結(jié)束：倫敦機場仍然關(guān)閉，積壓航班數(shù)量非常大且呈上升趨勢?？茖W(xué)家擔(dān)心如果冰島再有火山噴發(fā)，這一歷史將重演。)

積壓滯銷 
overstocked commodity (inventory) 

機譯 
machine translation (MT) 

基因工程 
genetic engineering  

基因庫 gene bank 

基因水稻 
trans-genetic hybrid rice 

基因突變 
genetic mutation  

基因圖譜 
genome; Gene chip (DNA microarray) 

即印相片 instant photo 

基因組 genome 

績優(yōu)股 blue chip  

集約化 
intensification 

集約化經(jīng)營 
intensive management  

集約經(jīng)營 
intensive operation  

雞仔文學(xué) 
Chick lit. This Chinese phrase is a translation of the English term “Chick lit,” which refers to the kind of fiction created for young women, particularly single, working women in their twenties and thirties. 

記賬式國債 
book-entry T-bonds 

記賬式國庫券 
inscribed treasury bond 

記者席 press box  

記者招待會  
press conference  

家政服務(wù) 
household service

集中供暖 
central heating (Beijing's central heating is likely to be switched on early this winter, when the average temperature plunges below 5 C for five days consecutively or when a heavy snowfall or high wind hits the city. 如果平均氣溫連續(xù)5天低于5攝氏度，或遭遇暴雪、強風(fēng)天氣，北京市就將提前啟動集中供暖。) 

集中精力把經(jīng)濟建設(shè)搞上去 
go all out for economic development  

集裝箱公寓 
container apartment (The daily rent for this 18-square-meter container apartment is eight yuan. They can also be refitted as mobile restrooms, kitchens, offices and garages. 這種18平米的“集裝箱公寓”一天的租金是8元，這種集裝箱還可改造成移動廁所、廚房、辦公室、車庫等。) 

集裝箱運輸船  container freighter  

集裝運輸 
container shipping 

集資 
pool resources; collect money; raise funds; raise money 

集資辦學(xué) 
raise money to set up new schools 

集資房 
houses built with funds collected by the buyers  

祭祖 
offer sacrifices to ancestors