翻譯碩士考研必備：MTI翻譯基礎(chǔ)短語解釋（九）

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甲A足球隊(duì) 
Division A soccer team 

加班 
overtime work  

嘉賓 
distinguished guest, honored guest  

假唱 
lip-synch  

加長(zhǎng)版 
extended edition (In April, the 87-year-old Reader's Digest, the most popular general interest magazine in the United States, published its first extended edition in China to enrich the content of the magazine with pictures and words. 四月份，美國(guó)最受歡迎的綜合性人文雜志《讀者文摘》在中國(guó)出版了第一輯加長(zhǎng)版，用更多的圖片和文字使雜志內(nèi)容更豐富?！蹲x者文摘》至今已經(jīng)走過了87個(gè)春秋。) 

假鈔票 
fake note; phony money; stumer 

假動(dòng)作 
deception; feint; deception  

價(jià)格波動(dòng) 
price fluctuation 

價(jià)格操縱 
price manipulation; price rigging 

價(jià)格反彈 
price rebound 

價(jià)格浮動(dòng)范圍  price-float range  

價(jià)格壟斷 
price-fixing (Illegal acts prohibited by the regulations include price-fixing agreements and excluding or limiting competition through abuse of dominant market share, according to the regulations. 根據(jù)該法規(guī)，簽訂限價(jià)協(xié)議以及濫用在市場(chǎng)的壟斷地位來排除或限制競(jìng)爭(zhēng)等違法行為將被禁止。) 
價(jià)格欺詐 
price cheating (Chen Zhijiang, an official at NDRC, said that in all the cities they 
investigated, Carrefour stores were suspected of price cheating. 國(guó)家發(fā)改委官員陳志江表示，在他們調(diào)查的所有城市中，家樂福都涉嫌價(jià)格欺詐。) 

價(jià)格彈性 
price elasticity 

價(jià)格聽證會(huì)  
public price hearings  

價(jià)格脫離價(jià)值 
divergence of prices from values; divorce price from value 

加工貿(mào)易  
trade involving the processing of supplied raw materials 甲骨文 
oracle bone inscriptions 

假結(jié)婚 
bogus marriage (Canadian officials are becoming more skilled at spotting fake documents and bogus marriages. Some gangs use the same apartment backdrops for all of their photographs of supposed brides and grooms, and make the same mistake on all their forged documents. 加拿大官員在識(shí)別假文件和假結(jié)婚案例時(shí)越來越熟練了。一些犯罪團(tuán)伙給假結(jié)婚的新娘和新郎使用相同的住宅作背景，而且他們所有的假文件中所犯的錯(cuò)誤均有雷同之處。) 

架空 
make somebody a mere figurehead; deprive somebody of his authority while keeping him in office  


加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí) 
speed up efforts to upgrade its industrial structure  

加快市場(chǎng)步伐 
accelerate the marketization; quicken the pace of marketization  

假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品 
counterfeit and shoddy products  

加盟 
ally oneself to (a sports team)  

加密 
encrypt  

加密頻道 
encoded channel 

家譜 
family tree; family stemma; family genealogy 

加強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)和政權(quán)建設(shè)  
strengthen army building and the organs of political power 

加強(qiáng)流動(dòng)人口計(jì)劃生育管理 
strengthen the management of family planning among the floating population 

加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位 
strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy 

加強(qiáng)輿論監(jiān)督 
ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion

假球 
soccer fraud 

加權(quán)平均值 
weighted average  

假日經(jīng)濟(jì) 
holiday economy  

加塞 
jump a queue; cut a line 

假釋 parole 

加時(shí)賽 
overtime (Pau Gasol scored nine points in the overtime to lead world champions Spain to a 85-75 win over China on Tuesday in the men's basketball competitions of the Beijing Olympic Games. 在本周二進(jìn)行的北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)男籃小組賽上，保羅?加索爾在加時(shí)賽中得到九分，其突出表現(xiàn)最終幫助世界冠軍西班牙隊(duì)以85比75戰(zhàn)勝中國(guó)隊(duì)。) 

加速上市 
speed-to-market  

加速上市 
speed-to-market 

家庭出身 
family background 

家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的學(xué)生 needy student  


家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制 
the household contract responsibility system  

家庭窘照 
Awkward family pics.(Set up a couple of months ago, Awkward Family Photos is getting more than 2m hits a day, attracting major publishers to line up offering potential book deals. 網(wǎng)站成立不足2月，日點(diǎn)擊量已逾200萬。各大知名出版商紛紛排隊(duì)搶購(gòu)照片出版權(quán)。) 


家庭影院  
home theater

假小子  tomboy 

夾心層  
sandwich class (Applications commenced yesterday in response to the Hong Kong Housing Society's plans to sell sandwich-class flats in Tseung Kwan O for singles and families. The flats are priced 23 percent below market value. 香港房屋委員會(huì)計(jì)劃面向單身人士和家庭出售將軍澳地區(qū)的“夾心階層住屋”，申請(qǐng)已于昨日開始。這些公寓的售價(jià)比市價(jià)要低23%。) 

家用電腦 
home-use PC  

家用電器 
household electrical appliance; home appliance 

家長(zhǎng)制作風(fēng) patriarchal style 

家政服務(wù) 
household service 

家政服務(wù)業(yè) 
home services industry (Chinese government Wednesday announced guidelines 
designed to boost the development of home services industry across the country, vowing financial support and tax cuts. 我國(guó)本周三公布了在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)促進(jìn)家政服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展的政策措施，并指出要對(duì)該行業(yè)提供財(cái)政支持和稅收優(yōu)惠。) 

價(jià)值工程 
value engineering 

家族企業(yè) family firm  

家族式管理 
family-run management (It is time for Chinese entrepreneurs, who are well known for their diligence and ability to handle pressure, to study Western management because their companies are growing larger and the old family-run management style is no longer suitable for the market-oriented business model. 以勤奮和強(qiáng)抗壓能力著稱的中國(guó)企業(yè)家應(yīng)該研究一下西方管理學(xué)了，因?yàn)樗麄兊墓菊幱跀U(kuò)大時(shí)期，舊的家族式管理模式不再適應(yīng)目前以市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向的商業(yè)模式。) 

加大污染治理力度  
strengthen pollution control 

假酒 
adulterated wine 

加快處置不良資產(chǎn) 
step up efforts in handling bad assets 

加快努力  
speed up efforts 

假冒偽劣商品 
counterfeit and substandard goods 

兼并 
merge; annexation 

見不得人的勾當(dāng) under-the-table deal 

剪彩 
cut the ribbon  

剪彩儀式  
ribbon cutting ceremony (The day has finally come for organizers and volunteers to open the doors of Beacon of Hope on the west side of Indianapolis. There will be a ribbon cutting ceremony at 8 a.m. July 27. 組織者和志愿者們終于要揭開印第安那波利斯市西部“希望燈塔”的神秘面紗了。剪彩儀式將在7月27日上午8點(diǎn)舉行。) 

建倉(cāng) 
open a position  

檢察官 
public procurator 

檢察機(jī)關(guān) 
procuratorial organ 

檢察長(zhǎng) 
chief procurator 


堅(jiān)持不懈地進(jìn)行“掃黃打非”斗爭(zhēng) 
fight unremittingly against pornographic and illegal publications 

堅(jiān)持對(duì)話,不搞對(duì)抗 
persist in dialogue, refrain from confrontation 


堅(jiān)持解放思想、實(shí)事求是的思想路線，弘揚(yáng)與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的精神 
adhere to the ideological guideline of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and upholds the spirit of advancing with time.

堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)一，反對(duì)分裂，增加了解，化解歧見 
persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase understanding and iron out differences 

剪刀差 
price scissors; scissors movement of price 

監(jiān)督部門 watchdog  

尖端產(chǎn)品 
highly sophisticated products  

尖端課題 
frontline subject 

減肥茶 diet tea 

減肥訓(xùn)練營(yíng) 
weight loss camp (250 traffic police offers in Bangkok, Thailand, have entered a weight loss camp to burn the fat in their plump body from June 30. 泰國(guó)曼谷市250名體重超標(biāo)的交通警察6月30日開始參加"交警減肥營(yíng)"。) 

減肥藥 
slimming drug; weight-loss drug (Fifteen weight-loss products containing the drug 
sibutramine have been recalled across the country over concern that the diet pills could lead to an increased risk of heart disease. 因擔(dān)心會(huì)增加心血管病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，15種含有西布曲明的減肥產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)被召回。) 

減負(fù) 
alleviate burdens on somebody  

監(jiān)管漏洞 
supervision loopholes (Hao's case reflected supervision loopholes in the country's coal sector. 郝（鵬?。┑陌缸臃从吵鰢?guó)家煤炭領(lǐng)域的監(jiān)管漏洞。) 

監(jiān)護(hù)權(quán) 
custodial right 

艦艦導(dǎo)彈 
ship-to-ship missile 

間接選舉 
indirect election 

漸進(jìn)式臺(tái)獨(dú) 
gradual Taiwan independence 

漸近尾聲  
draw to a close 

檢舉箱 
accusation letter box  

健康保險(xiǎn) 
health insurance( The Bryants did not provide her with health insurance and she 
sustained damages of $20000 in unpaid overtime.科比夫婦沒有給她提供健康保險(xiǎn)，拖欠她2萬美元薪水。) 

健康帶菌者 
healthy carrier (In addition to the 19 confirmed cases, one student was diagnosed as a "healthy carrier," or a person who was infected with the cholera bacteria but displays no symptoms. However, "healthy carriers" can transmit the bacteria to others. 除了19個(gè)確診病例外，還有一名學(xué)生被診斷為“健康帶菌者”，也就是被感染了霍亂病毒但是卻沒有表現(xiàn)出癥狀。但是，“健康帶菌者”可以把病毒傳染給他人。) 

健康及意外險(xiǎn) 
health and casualty insurance 

健康證 
health certificate (A university graduate who fought discrimination against Hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers for two years has received a health certificate allowing him to be employed in the food industry. 在與對(duì)乙肝病毒攜帶者的歧視斗爭(zhēng)了兩年之后，一位大學(xué)畢業(yè)生終于拿到了允許他從事食品行業(yè)的健康證。) 

建立公正、合理的國(guó)際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)新秩序 
build a fair and rational new international political and economic order 

建立健全國(guó)有資產(chǎn)管理和監(jiān)督體制 
establish and perfect the management and supervision system of State-owned assets 

見面會(huì) 
meet-and-greet

簡(jiǎn)明新聞 news in brief 

減排 
carbon emission reduction (China's commitment on carbon emission reduction is scientific and practical, Chinese premier Wen Jiabao said at a news conference following the 
China-EU summit Monday. 本周一，在中歐峰會(huì)結(jié)束后的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上，溫家寶總理稱，中國(guó)所做的碳減排承諾是科學(xué)和實(shí)際的。) 

減輕農(nóng)民負(fù)擔(dān)  
reduce farmers' burdens; lighten the burden on farmers 

建設(shè)公債  
public bonds for construction  


建設(shè)社會(huì)主義的物質(zhì)文明和精神文明 
build a socialist civilization that is advanced culturally and ideologically, as well as materially; promote socialist material progress and socialist culture and ideology 

建設(shè)社會(huì)主義法治國(guó)家 
build a socialist country under the rule of law  

建設(shè)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)高產(chǎn)基本農(nóng)田 
make primary farmland capable of producing stable, high yields. 

建設(shè)有中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義 
build a socialist country under the rule of law build socialism with Chinese characteristics 

監(jiān)事會(huì) 
board of inspectors 

減速玻璃(汽車） decelerating glass  

薦賢舉能 
recommend the virtuous and the able 

減刑 
have one's sentence commuted 

減員增效 
downsize staffs and improve efficiency 

減災(zāi) 
disaster reduction; disaster mitigation; reduce damages caused by disaster 

艦載飛機(jī) 
carrier-borne aircraft; carrier aircraft 

簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán) 
streamline administration and delegate power; streamline administration and institute decentralization 

兼職教授 
adjunct Professor  

建筑面積  
floorage; floor space 

監(jiān)察合一  
the integration of supervision and investigation 

堅(jiān)持國(guó)家絕對(duì)控股  
keeping a controlling share in the state's hands 

堅(jiān)持正確的政治方向 
pursue a correct political direction 


堅(jiān)定信心，扎實(shí)工作，旗幟鮮明，毫無動(dòng)搖 
enhance confidence, do a solid job, take a clear-cut stand and never waver in carrying on the fight in depth 

講誠(chéng)信，反欺詐: 
honor credibility and oppose cheating  

僵化思想 
ossified thinking 

將軍肚 
general's belly; beer belly  

獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)工資制度 
a bonus wages system; a system of higher pay for better performance 


降落傘候選人，外來候選人（應(yīng)召而來參加本人非所在地區(qū)競(jìng)選的政黨候選人） parachute candidate  

江南水鄉(xiāng) 
the south of the lower reaches of the Yangze River  

講排場(chǎng)，擺闊氣 
waste and extravagance 

講求實(shí)效  
stress practical results; strive for practical results 

僵尸電腦 
zombie computer (Malicious code such as Conficker can be triggered to steal data or turn control of infected computers over to hackers amassing"zombie" machines for criminal ends. 入侵者可激活Conficker蠕蟲病毒等惡意代碼來竊取數(shù)據(jù)，或使被感染的電腦受黑客控制，進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生大量的“僵尸電腦”以用于犯罪目的。) 

僵尸粉 
zombie fans ("Zombie fans" are artificial followers that can be bought and sold online for as little as 4 yuan (63 cents) a thousand. “僵尸粉”就是指那些可以在網(wǎng)上以每1000個(gè)4元（63美分）的便宜價(jià)格進(jìn)行買賣的虛假粉絲。) 

僵尸手機(jī) 
zombie phone (We can compare an infected cell phone to a “zombie” phone. It will secretly send virus-linked text messages to your friends and colleagues and turn their phones into “zombies”, which will later create more “zombie” phones. 我們可以把染了病毒的手機(jī)比作一部“僵尸”手機(jī)，它會(huì)向你的朋友和同事發(fā)送帶有病毒鏈接的信息，然后把他們的手機(jī)都變成“僵尸”，之后，這些手機(jī)又會(huì)發(fā)展出更多的“僵尸”手機(jī)。) 

降息 
reduction of interest  

降息 
reduction of interest rate  

講義氣 
be loyal to friends; remain faithful to friends 

降雨量 
precipitation level  

僵持 
stand-off (Two hijackers of a Sudanese jetliner surrendered to authorities in Libya after releasing all the passengers Wednesday after a 22-hour standoff. 經(jīng)過22個(gè)小時(shí)的僵持，劫持蘇丹客機(jī)的兩名劫機(jī)者27日釋放了所有人質(zhì)，并向利比亞當(dāng)局投降。) 

降低消耗 
to reduce consumption of resources 

建立促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的機(jī)制 
establish a mechanism to promote sustainable social and economic development 

建立更加安全、更加尊重多樣性和更加團(tuán)結(jié)的世界 work for a safer, more diverse and united world 

建立鞏固的國(guó)防  
build a strong national defense 

健全國(guó)有資本經(jīng)營(yíng)預(yù)算制度 
establishing a sound operating and budget system for state capital 
健全國(guó)有資本經(jīng)營(yíng)業(yè)績(jī)考核體系  
establishing a sound performance evaluation system for state capital

健全國(guó)有資產(chǎn)重大損失責(zé)任追究制度 
establishing a sound system for assigning responsibility for major losses of state assets for state capital 


健全就業(yè)，收入分配和社會(huì)保障制度 
improve employment, income distribution and social security system 

減少和規(guī)范行政審批 
to reduce the number of matters requiring administrative examination and approval and standardize such procedures 

建設(shè)高素質(zhì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部隊(duì)伍 
build a contingent of high-calibre leading cardres 

建設(shè)統(tǒng)一開放競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有序的現(xiàn)代市場(chǎng)體系 
establish a unified, open and orderly modern market system 

建設(shè)完整的社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體系  
establish a complete socialist market economic system 

建設(shè)信息化軍隊(duì) 
to build computerized armed forces 


“簡(jiǎn)稅制、寬稅基、低稅率、嚴(yán)征管”的原則 
the principle of “a more simplified taxation system, broader tax collection basis, lower tax rates and stricter tax collection” 

簡(jiǎn)易過渡房 
makeshift shelter (1 million makeshift shelters for quake-hit areas must be finished in 3 and half months, according to the 11th State Council's meeting of disaster relief Tuesday.) 

減員增效 
reduce staff for greater efficiency  

叫板 
challenge; pick a quarrel 

腳踩兩只船 
sit on the fence  

交叉報(bào)復(fù)  
cross retaliation  

交叉銷售 
cross sale (Freeman said during a roundtable discussion with Chinese bankers that he believes cross sale―selling additional products or services to established 
customers―could be a core driver in increasing banks' profits. 在與中國(guó)銀行家的座談會(huì)上，F(xiàn)reeman說他相信交叉銷售是提高銀行利潤(rùn)的核心驅(qū)動(dòng)力，交叉銷售是指向現(xiàn)有客戶推銷新的產(chǎn)品及服務(wù)的銷售方式。) 

交割 delivery 

教工 
teachers and staff 

鉸接式公共汽車  
articulated bus (World's longest articulated bus makes debut in Brazil--The bus has a capacity of 250 passengers, is 28 meters long, 2.6 meters wide, and powered with 
biodiesel made from soybeans. 世界最長(zhǎng)鉸接式公共汽車在巴西首次亮相――這一公共汽車可容納250名乘客，車身長(zhǎng)28米，寬2.6米，采用的燃料是從大豆中提取的生物柴油。) 

交警 
traffic police 

交流學(xué)者 
exchange scholar 

膠囊公寓  
capsule apartment (Huang is auctioning a five-year patent to his life's work - the capsule apartments that have been capturing international media attention since last April. 黃正在拍賣其膠囊公寓的五年專利使用權(quán)。這種公寓是他畢生的一個(gè)成就，自去年四月以來就得到了國(guó)際媒體的關(guān)注。) 

矯情 
use lame arguments 

教書育人 
impart knowledge and educate people  

腳踏實(shí)地 
be down-to-earth  

交通補(bǔ)助  
travel allowance  

交通規(guī)則 
traffic regulation 

交通文明 
road civility (The capital released a top 10 of commonly seen bad driving habits at a press conference on Saturday in the hope of raising awareness of "road civility". On the list was using a cell phone, not wearing a seat belt, throwing trash out of windows and overusing the car horn. 上周六，北京市在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上公布了“十大交通陋習(xí)”，希望能夠提高市民的“文明交通”意識(shí)。名單列出的陋習(xí)包括在開車過程中使用手機(jī)、不系安全帶、往車窗外扔垃圾，還有亂按喇叭等。) 

交通協(xié)管員 
traffic warden (The new method introduced in the city's downtown area requires traffic wardens to pull a rope across the pavement when the pedestrian's red light is on, to keep back pedestrians and bicyclists. When the light switches to green, the rope is pulled away. 這一新舉措在該市城區(qū)實(shí)行，要求交通協(xié)管員在行人紅燈亮起時(shí)拉起繩子阻斷人行道，以阻止行人和騎自行車的人通過。等綠燈亮的時(shí)候，就放下繩子。) 

交通轉(zhuǎn)盤 traffic circle 

焦土政策 
Scorched- Earth plan 

教務(wù)處  
dean's office 

僥幸球 fluke  

教學(xué)法 
pedagogy; teaching method  

教研室 
teaching and research division 

交鑰匙工程 
turn-key project  

澆一瓢冷水 
throw cold water on；dampen the enthusiasm of 

教育部社政司 
Social Science Research and Ideological Work Department of the Ministry of Education  

教育規(guī)劃綱要 
national education plan (Universal preschool education and a pledge to eliminate illiteracy are among the reforms of China's education system published in the country's national education plan for the next decade. 國(guó)家發(fā)布的未來十年教育規(guī)劃綱要提到的中國(guó)教育體制改革目標(biāo)包括了普及學(xué)前教育和承諾掃除文盲兩項(xiàng)工作。) 

教育亂收費(fèi) 
unauthorized collection of fees by educational institutions 

教育體制 
education bureaucracy (Premier Wen Jiabao on Saturday called for changes in the 
education bureaucracy, a problem that plagues China's development of education. 上周六，溫家寶總理提出要進(jìn)行教育體制改革，教育體制問題是中國(guó)教育發(fā)展過程中的一個(gè)困擾。) 

教育質(zhì)量 
quality of education 

叫座 
a box-office success; draw a large audience 

交叉 感染 
cross transmission; cross-infection 

交接儀式 
handover ceremony

加強(qiáng)伙伴關(guān)系 
strengthen partnerships 

加強(qiáng)水土保持  
reinforce the conservation of water and soil 

加速科研成果向生產(chǎn)力的轉(zhuǎn)化 
facilitate a faster transition from research to actual production 

家庭暴力 
domestic violence 

家庭裝修用品 
home improvement products 

假文憑 
fake diplomas 

假帳 
accounting fraud  

家長(zhǎng)會(huì) 
parent-teacher conference (Then call my ex-husband and remind him the parent-teacher conference is at Dalton tonight.) 

基本生活費(fèi)  
basic allowances 

基層民主政治  
democracy at the local level  

雞蛋羹 
steamed egg custard 

機(jī)頂盒 
set-top box (STB), set-top unit (A set-top box (STB) or set-top unit (STU) is a device that connects to a television and an external source of signal, turning the signal into content which is then displayed on the television screen.) 

機(jī)讀形式 
machine-readable form 

結(jié)黨營(yíng)私 
form cliques for private gain 

街道企業(yè) 
neighborhood enterprise  

借調(diào)  
temporarily transfer 

借讀生 
transient student 

戒毒所 
drug rehabilitation center  

階段性就業(yè) 
periodic employment 

階段性政策 interim policy 

解放生產(chǎn)力 
emancipate the productive forces  

解放思想、實(shí)事求是的思想路線 
ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts  

解放思想、實(shí)事求是、與時(shí)俱進(jìn)  
Emancipate the mind, Seek truth from the facts, Advance with the times 結(jié)構(gòu)工資制 
structural wage system (內(nèi)蒙古東勝市對(duì)村干部實(shí)行結(jié)構(gòu)工資制，真正把村干部的工資與工作成績(jī)、村集體經(jīng)濟(jì)收入緊緊地聯(lián)系起來。Dongsheng City in Inner Mongolia carried out the composite wage system, closely connecting pay with village officials'work achievements and the economic revenue of the village's collective economy.)